Related papers: Frequency regulation with thermostatically control…
Transactive or market-based coordination strategies have recently been proposed for controlling the aggregate demand of a large number of electric loads. Such schemes offer operational benefits such as enforcing distribution feeder capacity…
A collection of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) -- such as air conditioners and water heaters -- can vary their power consumption within limits to help the balancing authority of a power grid maintain demand supply balance. Doing…
Thermostatically-controlled-loads (TCLs) have been regarded as a good candidate for maintaining the power system reliability by providing operating reserve. The short-term reliability evaluation of power systems, which is essential for…
As the penetration of intermittent energy sources grows substantially, loads will be required to play an increasingly important role in compensating the fast time-scale fluctuations in generated power. Recent numerical modeling of…
We develop safe protocols for thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) to provide power pulses to the grid without a subsequent oscillatory response. Such pulses can alleviate power fluctuations by intermittent resources and maintain…
Smart buildings are the need of the day with increasing demand-supply ratios and deficiency to generate considerably. In any modern non-industrial infrastructure, these demands mainly comprise of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs),…
This paper examines the operation of distribution networks that have large aggregations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) providing secondary frequency regulation to the bulk power system. Specifically, we assess the prevalence of…
The potential of demand side as a frequency reserve proposes interesting opportunity in handling imbalances due to intermittent renewable energy sources. This paper proposes a novel approach for computing the parameters of a stochastic…
Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) such as air conditioners and water heaters typically maintain their temperature within a preset range using on/off actuation. These types of loads are inherently flexible: many different power…
We study the problem of decentralized secondary frequency regulation in power networks where ancillary services are provided via on-off load-side participation. We initially consider on-off loads that switch when prescribed frequency…
This paper presents a new aggregate power tracking control scheme for populations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs). The control design is carried out in the framework of partial differential equations (PDEs) based on a…
Recently it has been shown that an aggregation of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs) can be utilized to provide fast regulating reserve service for power grids and the behavior of the aggregation can be captured by a stochastic…
A significant portion of electricity consumed worldwide is used to power thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) such as air conditioners, refrigerators, and water heaters. Because the short-term timing of operation of such systems is…
Aggregations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), such as air conditioners, offer valuable flexibility to the power grid. The aggregate power consumption of a TCL fleet can be controlled by adjusting thermostat setpoints. An…
This paper presents a new aggregate power tracking control scheme for populations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs). The control design is performed in the framework of partial differential equations (PDEs) based on a late-lumping…
We explore methods to use thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), such as water heaters and air conditioners, to provide ancillary services by assisting in balancing generation and load. We show that by adding simple imbedded instructions…
Ensembles of thermostatically controlled loads (TCL) provide a significant demand response reserve for the system operator to balance power grids. However, this also results in the parasitic synchronization of individual devices within the…
This paper addresses the modeling and control of heterogeneous populations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) operated by model predictive control (MPC) schemes at level of each TCL. It is shown that the dynamics of such TCLs…
The flexible power consumption feature of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) such as heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems makes them attractive targets for demand response (DR). TCLs possess a brief period where…
Flexible loads, e.g. thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs), are technically feasible to participate in demand response (DR) programs. On the other hand, there is a number of challenges that need to be resolved before it can be…