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In this paper, we propose BeamLLM, a vision-aided millimeter-wave (mmWave) beam prediction framework leveraging large language models (LLMs) to address the challenges of high training overhead and latency in mmWave communication systems. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Chung G. Kang

Millimeter wave (mmWave) and massive MIMO systems are intrinsic components of 5G and beyond. These systems rely on using beamforming codebooks for both initial access and data transmission. Current beam codebooks, however, generally consist…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-26 Muhammad Alrabeiah , Yu Zhang , Ahmed Alkhateeb

Traditional machine learning techniques have achieved great success in improving data-rate performance and reducing latency in millimeter wave (mmWave) communications. However, these methods still face two key challenges: (i) their reliance…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yuwen Cao , Wenqin Lu , Tomoaki Ohtsuki , Setareh Maghsudi , Xue-Qin Jiang , Charalampos C. Tsimenidis

Millimeter wave (mmWave) massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication system is expected to achieve enormous transmission rate, provided that the transmit and receive beams are properly aligned with the MIMO channel. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-22 Di Wu , Yong Zeng , Shi jin , Rui Zhang

Millimeter wave (mmWave) localization algorithms exploit the quasi-optical propagation of mmWave signals, which yields sparse angular spectra at the receiver. Geometric approaches to angle-based localization typically require to know the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Anish Shastri , Joan Palacios , Paolo Casari

This paper introduces a novel neural network framework called M2BeamLLM for beam prediction in millimeter-wave (mmWave) massive multi-input multi-output (mMIMO) communication systems. M2BeamLLM integrates multi-modal sensor data, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Can Zheng , Jiguang He , Chung G. Kang , Guofa Cai , Zitong Yu , Merouane Debbah

Millimeter Wave (mmWave) massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) systems realizing directive beamforming require reliable estimation of the wireless propagation channel. However, mmWave channels are characterized by high variability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-07 Evangelos Vlachos , George C. Alexandropoulos , John Thompson

Millimeter wave (mmWave) cell-free MIMO achieves an extremely high rate while its beam alignment (BA) suffers from excessive overhead due to a large number of transceivers. Recently, user location and probing measurements are utilized for…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-08-17 Cheng Zhang , Leming Chen , Lujia Zhang , Yongming Huang , Wei Zhang

Beam management (BM) protocols are critical for establishing and maintaining connectivity between network radio nodes and User Equipments (UEs). In Distributed Multiple Input Multiple Output systems (D-MIMO), a number of access points…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-12 Karthik R M , Dhiraj Nagaraja Hegde , Muris Sarajlic , Abhishek Sarkar

Beam alignment is required in millimeter wave communication to ensure high data rate transmission. However, with narrow beamwidth in massive MIMO, beam alignment could be computationally intensive due to the large number of beam pairs to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-07-05 Orikumhi Igbafe , Jeongwan Kang , Henk Wymeersch , Sunwoo Kim

In millimeter wave communications, beam training is an effective way to achieve beam alignment. Traditional beam training method allocates training resources equally to each beam in the pre-designed beam training codebook. The performance…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Zihan Tang , Jun Wang , Jintao Wang , Jian Song

Supporting high mobility in millimeter wave (mmWave) systems enables a wide range of important applications such as vehicular communications and wireless virtual/augmented reality. Realizing this in practice, though, requires overcoming…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Ahmed Alkhateeb , Sam Alex , Paul Varkey , Ying Li , Qi Qu , Djordje Tujkovic

The problem of beam alignment (BA) in a cell-free massive multiple-input multiple-output (CF-mMIMO) system operating at millimeter wave (mmWaves) carrier frequencies is considered in this paper. Two estimation algorithms are proposed, in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Stefano Buzzi , Carmen D'Andrea , Maria Fresia , Xiaofeng Wu

We present an enhancement to the problem of beam alignment in millimeter wave (mmWave) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, based on a modification of the machine learning-based criterion, called Kolmogorov model (KM), previously…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Qiyou Duan , Taejoon Kim , Hadi Ghauch

Location-aided beam alignment has been proposed recently as a potential approach for fast link establishment in millimeter wave (mmWave) massive MIMO (mMIMO) communications. However, due to mobility and other imperfections in the estimation…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Flavio Maschietti , David Gesbert , Paul de Kerret , Henk Wymeersch

Benefiting from huge bandwidth resources, millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications provide one of the most promising technologies for next-generation wireless networks. To compensate for the high pathloss of mmWave signals, large-scale…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-14 Ke Ma , Zhaocheng Wang , Wenqiang Tian , Sheng Chen , Lajos Hanzo

This work investigates the use of machine learning applied to the beam tracking problem in 5G networks and beyond. The goal is to decrease the overhead associated to MIMO millimeter wave beamforming. In comparison to beam selection (also…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-10 Ailton Oliveira , Daniel Suzuki , Sávio Bastos , Ilan Correa , Aldebaro Klautau

Envisioned for fifth generation (5G) systems, millimeter-wave (mmWave) communications are under very active research worldwide. Although pencil beams with accurate beamtracking may boost the throughput of mmWave systems, this poses great…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Rafail Ismayilov , Megumi Kaneko , Takefumi Hiraguri , Kentaro Nishimori

Perfect alignment in chosen beam sectors at both transmit- and receive-nodes is required for beamforming in mmWave bands. Current 802.11ad WiFi and emerging 5G cellular standards spend up to several milliseconds exploring different sector…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-16 Batool Salehi , Mauro Belgiovine , Sara Garcia Sanchez , Jennifer Dy , Stratis Ioannidis , Kaushik Chowdhury

Fast and precise beam alignment is crucial for high-quality data transmission in millimeter-wave (mmWave) communication systems, where large-scale antenna arrays are utilized to overcome the severe propagation loss. To tackle the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-24 Junyi Yang , Weifeng Zhu , Meixia Tao , Shu Sun
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