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Quantum processors are often affected by biased noise and noisy readout, which reduce reliability and reproducibility. This work combines two complementary strategies to address these challenges. The first is bias tailoring, which aligns…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Devon Campbell

We show that a simple modification of the surface code can exhibit an enormous gain in the error correction threshold for a noise model in which Pauli Z errors occur more frequently than X or Y errors. Such biased noise, where dephasing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-07 David K. Tuckett , Stephen D. Bartlett , Steven T. Flammia

Stabilizer codes obtained via CSS code construction and Steane's enlargement of subfield-subcodes and matrix-product codes coming from generalized Reed-Muller, hyperbolic and affine variety codes are studied. Stabilizer codes with good…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Carlos Galindo , Fernando Hernando , Diego Ruano

Several notions of code products are known in quantum error correction, such as hyper-graph products, homological products, lifted products, balanced products, to name a few. In this paper we introduce a new product code construction which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Dimiter Ostrev , Davide Orsucci , Francisco Lázaro , Balazs Matuz

Error correcting codes use multi-qubit measurements to realize fault-tolerant quantum logic steps. In fact, the resources needed to scale-up fault-tolerant quantum computing hardware are largely set by this task. Tailoring next-generation…

This paper presents a simple approach to evaluate the performance bound at very low bit-error-rate (BER) range for binary pseudo-product codes and true-product codes. Moreover it introduces a super-product BCH code that can achieve…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Zhongfeng Wang

Quantum hardware rarely suffers equal amounts of bit-flip ($X$) and phase-flip ($Z$) errors; one type is often much more common than the other. A code that is ``bias-tailored'' can exploit this imbalance, lowering the fault-tolerance…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-04 Shixin Wu , Todd A. Brun , Daniel A. Lidar

We present a family of quantum error-correcting codes that support a universal set of transversal logic gates using only local operations on a two-dimensional array of physical qubits. The construction is a subsystem version of color codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-26 Cody Jones , Peter Brooks , Jim Harrington

Generalized-bicycle (GB) and more general two-block group-algebra (2BGA) quantum error-correcting codes have naturally redundant minimum-weight stabilizer generators. To use this redundancy, we constructed a large number of ``planar'' 2BGA…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-07 Hsiang-Ku Lin , Xingrui Liu , Pak Kau Lim , Leonid P. Pryadko

In Ref. [1], Bravyi et al. found examples of Bivariate Bicycle (BB) codes with similar logical performance to the surface code but with an improved encoding rate. In this work, we generalize a novel parity-check circuit design principle…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-27 Mackenzie H. Shaw , Barbara M. Terhal

We analyze the operation of a four-qubit Bacon-Shor code with simultaneous continuous measurement of non-commuting gauge operators. The error syndrome in this case is monitored via time-averaged cross-correlators of the output signals. We…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-18 Juan Atalaya , Mohammad Bahrami , Leonid P. Pryadko , Alexander N. Korotkov

For a quantum error correcting code to be used in practice, it needs to be equipped with an efficient decoding algorithm, which identifies corrections given the observed syndrome of errors.Hypergraph product codes are a promising family of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-03 Lev Stambler , Anirudh Krishna , Michael E. Beverland

Staircase codes (SCCs) are typically decoded using iterative bounded-distance decoding (BDD) and hard decisions. In this paper, a novel decoding algorithm is proposed, which partially uses soft information from the channel. The proposed…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-06-05 Yi Lei , Bin Chen , Gabriele Liga , Xiong Deng , Zizheng Cao , Jianqiang Li , Kun Xu , Alex Alvarado

The problem of computing distances of error-correcting codes is fundamental in both the classical and quantum settings. While hardness for the classical version of these problems has been known for some time (in both the exact and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-04 Elena Grigorescu , Vatsal Jha , Eric Samperton

We introduce a family of 2D topological subsystem quantum error-correcting codes. The gauge group is generated by 2-local Pauli operators, so that 2-local measurements are enough to recover the error syndrome. We study the computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-03-04 H. Bombin

The Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem (BCH) codes are a well-studied subclass of cyclic codes that have found numerous applications in error correction and notably in quantum information processing. A subclass of attractive BCH codes is the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Qi Liu , Cunsheng Ding , Sihem Mesnager , Chunming Tang , Vladimir D. Tonchev

Quantum computing is deemed to require error correction at scale to mitigate physical noise by reducing it to lower noise levels while operating on encoded logical qubits. Popular quantum error correction schemes include CSS code, of which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Ming Wang , Frank Mueller

We devise a new realization of the surface code on a rectangular lattice of qubits utilizing single-qubit and nearest-neighbor two-qubit Pauli measurements and three auxiliary qubits per plaquette. This realization gains substantial…

Quantum error correction provides a fertile context for exploring the interplay of feedback control, microscopic physics and noncommutative probability. In this paper we deepen our understanding of this nexus through high-level analysis of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-12 Gopal Sarma , Hideo Mabuchi

Quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) require high encoding rate in addition to high threshold unless a sufficiently large number of physical qubits are available. The many-hypercube (MHC) codes defined as the concatenation of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Ryota Nakai , Hayato Goto