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Related papers: Transformers as Soft Reasoners over Language

200 papers

In this paper, we evaluate the capability of transformer-based language models in making inferences over uncertain text that includes uncertain rules of reasoning. We cover both Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) and generative Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Aliakbar Nafar , Kristen Brent Venable , Parisa Kordjamshidi

Transformers have been shown to be able to perform deductive reasoning on a logical rulebase containing rules and statements written in English natural language. While the progress is promising, it is currently unclear if these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-09 Soumya Sanyal , Zeyi Liao , Xiang Ren

The success of transformer models trained with a language modeling objective brings a promising opportunity to the reinforcement learning framework. Decision Transformer is a step towards this direction, showing how to train transformers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Lina Mezghani , Piotr Bojanowski , Karteek Alahari , Sainbayar Sukhbaatar

Logical reasoning is central to human cognition and intelligence. It includes deductive, inductive, and abductive reasoning. Past research of logical reasoning within AI uses formal language as knowledge representation and symbolic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Zonglin Yang , Xinya Du , Rui Mao , Jinjie Ni , Erik Cambria

We analyze the ability of pre-trained language models to transfer knowledge among datasets annotated with different type systems and to generalize beyond the domain and dataset they were trained on. We create a meta task, over multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Jaromir Savelka , Hannes Westermann , Karim Benyekhlef

Transformers have made significant strides across various artificial intelligence domains, including natural language processing, computer vision, and audio processing. This success has naturally garnered considerable interest from both…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-12 Elyas Rashno , Amir Eskandari , Aman Anand , Farhana Zulkernine

Syntactic structures used to play a vital role in natural language processing (NLP), but since the deep learning revolution, NLP has been gradually dominated by neural models that do not consider syntactic structures in their design. One…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Haoyi Wu , Kewei Tu

Analytical reasoning is an essential and challenging task that requires a system to analyze a scenario involving a set of particular circumstances and perform reasoning over it to make conclusions. In this paper, we study the challenge of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-16 Wanjun Zhong , Siyuan Wang , Duyu Tang , Zenan Xu , Daya Guo , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Ming Zhou , Nan Duan

Recent studies have highlighted the limitations of large language models in mathematical reasoning, particularly their inability to capture the underlying logic. Inspired by meta-learning, we propose that models should acquire not only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Kejie Chen , Lin Wang , Qinghai Zhang , Renjun Xu

Recent advancements in transformer-based models have initiated research interests in investigating their ability to learn to perform reasoning tasks. However, most of the contexts used for this purpose are in practice very simple: generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Angelos Poulis , Eleni Tsalapati , Manolis Koubarakis

Transformers have been shown to be able to perform deductive reasoning on a logical rulebase containing rules and statements written in natural language. Recent works show that such models can also produce the reasoning steps (i.e., the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Soumya Sanyal , Harman Singh , Xiang Ren

Most classroom engagements with generative AI focus on prompting pre-trained models, leaving the role of training data and model mechanics opaque. We developed a browser-based tool that allows students to train a small transformer language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Nicolas Pope , Matti Tedre

Transformer-based language models (TLMs) have widely been recognized to be a cutting-edge technology for the successful development of deep-learning-based solutions to problems and applications that require natural language processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Candida M. Greco , Andrea Tagarelli

We describe AI agents as stochastic dynamical systems and frame the problem of learning to reason as in transductive inference: Rather than approximating the distribution of past data as in classical induction, the objective is to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Alessandro Achille , Stefano Soatto

Transformers have proven highly effective across various applications, especially in handling sequential data such as natural languages and time series. However, transformer models often lack clear interpretability, and the success of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Wei Shi , Yuan Cao

Rapid progress in machine learning for natural language processing has the potential to transform debates about how humans learn language. However, the learning environments and biases of current artificial learners and humans diverge in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Alex Warstadt , Samuel R. Bowman

Despite the impressive performance in a variety of complex tasks, modern large language models (LLMs) still have trouble dealing with some math problems that are simple and intuitive for humans, such as addition. While we can easily learn…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Yi Hu , Xiaojuan Tang , Haotong Yang , Muhan Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as human-like decision-making agents in social science and applied settings. These LLM-agents are typically assigned human-like characters and placed in real-life contexts. However, how these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Ji Ma

We investigate what kind of structural knowledge learned in neural network encoders is transferable to processing natural language. We design artificial languages with structural properties that mimic natural language, pretrain encoders on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-23 Ryokan Ri , Yoshimasa Tsuruoka

Much theoretical work has described the ability of transformers to represent formal languages. However, linking theoretical results to empirical performance is not straightforward due to the complex interplay between the architecture, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Anej Svete , Nadav Borenstein , Mike Zhou , Isabelle Augenstein , Ryan Cotterell