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Probabilistic inference offers a principled framework for understanding both behaviour and cortical computation. However, two basic and ubiquitous properties of cortical responses seem difficult to reconcile with probabilistic inference:…

Since the earliest electroencephalography experiments, large scale oscillations have been observed in the mammalian brain. More recently, episodes of oscillation and bursting have been identified not only in the cerebral cortex and…

For long it has been known that specific patterns of folding are necessary for an optimally functioning brain. For instance, lissencephaly and polymicrogyria can lead to severe mental retardation, short life expectancy, epileptic seizures,…

Humans and other organisms make decisions choosing between different options, with the aim to maximize the reward and minimize the cost. The main theoretical framework for modeling the decision-making process has been based on the highly…

Inpainting has recently emerged as a valuable and interesting technology to employ in the analysis of medical imaging data, in particular brain MRI. A wide variety of methodologies for inpainting MRI have been proposed and demonstrated on…

An experimental unit is an opportunity to randomly apply or withhold a treatment. There is interference between units if the application of the treatment to one unit may also affect other units. In cognitive neuroscience, a common form of…

Thalamic circuits are able to generate state-dependent oscillations of different frequencies and degrees of synchronization. However, only little is known how synchronous oscillations, like spindle oscillations in the thalamus, are…

Symmetry breaking is common in animal and human brains where the lack of asymmetry often perturbs behavioral and cognitive functions. In particular, the ubiquity of mirror-image confusion in young children, which often persists in dyslexia,…

Today the human brain can be modeled as a graph where nodes represent different regions and links stand for statistical interactions between their activities as recorded by different neuroimaging techniques. Empirical studies have lead to…

Neuroscientific evidence shows that for most brain networks all pathways between cortical regions either pass through the thalamus or a transthalamic parallel route exists for any direct corticocortical connection. This paper seeks to…

The information transfer in the thalamus is blocked dynamically during sleep, in conjunction with the occurence of spindle waves. As the theoretical understanding of the mechanism remains incomplete, we analyze two modeling approaches for a…

We analyze partial synchronization patterns in a network of FitzHugh-Nagumo oscillators with empirical structural connectivity measured in healthy human subjects. We report a dynamical asymmetry between the hemispheres, induced by the…

Analyzing the brain in terms of organizational structures at intermediate scales provides an approach to negotiate the complexity arising from interactions between its large number of components. Focusing on a wiring diagram that spans the…

Inhibition is considered to shape neural activity, and broaden its pattern repertoire. In the sensory organs, where the anatomy of neural circuits is highly structured, lateral inhibition sharpens contrast among stimulus properties. The…

Inhibition is one of the core concepts in Cognitive Psychology. The idea of inhibitory mechanisms actively weakening representations in the human mind has inspired a great number of studies in various research domains. In contrast, Computer…

The mammalian circadian system comprises a network of cell-autonomous oscillators, spanning from the central clock in the brain to peripheral clocks in other organs. These clocks are tightly coordinated to orchestrate rhythmic physiological…

Rich, spontaneous brain activity has been observed across a range of different temporal and spatial scales. These dynamics are thought to be important t for efficient neural functioning. Experimental evidence suggests that these neural…

Neural Network movement controllers promise a variety of advantages over conventional control methods, however, they are not widely adopted due to their inability to produce reliably precise movements. This research explores a bilateral…

Experimental and numerical results suggest that the brain can be viewed as a system acting close to a critical point, as confirmed by scale-free distributions of relevant quantities in a variety of different systems and models. Less…

A concept is a mental representation that encompasses multiple aspects of an item, but what is the neurological substrate of this representation? One hypothesis states that such representations depend upon multimodal binding processes…