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To achieve a driverless train operation on mainline railways, actual and potential obstacles for the train's driveway must be detected automatically by appropriate sensor systems. Machine learning algorithms have proven to be powerful tools…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Rustam Tagiew , Martin Köppel , Karsten Schwalbe , Patrick Denzler , Philipp Neumaier , Tobias Klockau , Martin Boekhoff , Pavel Klasek , Roman Tilly

The railway industry is searching for new ways to automate a number of complex train functions, such as object detection, track discrimination, and accurate train positioning, which require the artificial perception of the railway…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Gianluca D'Amico , Mauro Marinoni , Federico Nesti , Giulio Rossolini , Giorgio Buttazzo , Salvatore Sabina , Gianluigi Lauro

Traffic signs are essential map features globally in the era of autonomous driving and smart cities. To develop accurate and robust algorithms for traffic sign detection and classification, a large-scale and diverse benchmark dataset is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Christian Ertler , Jerneja Mislej , Tobias Ollmann , Lorenzo Porzi , Gerhard Neuhold , Yubin Kuang

Driverless train operation for open tracks on urban guided transport and mainline railways requires, among other things automatic detection of actual and potential obstacles, especially humans, in the danger zone of the train's path.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Rustam Tagiew , Ilkay Wunderlich , Mark Sastuba , Kilian Göller , Steffen Seitz

Points 2.1.4(b), 2.4.2(b) and 2.4.3(b) in Annex I of Implementing Regulation (EU) No. 402/2013 allow a simplified approach for the safety approval of computer vision systems for driverless trains, if they have 'similar' functions and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Rustam Tagiew , Prasannavenkatesh Balaji

Off-road nighttime autonomous driving suffers from unreliable visible-light perception, making infrared modality crucial for accurate freespace detection. However, progress remains limited due to the scarcity of annotated infrared off-road…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Shuo Wang , Jilin Mei , Wenfei Guan , Shuai Wang , Yan Xing , Chen Min , Yu Hu

This paper presents the development of a comprehensive dataset capturing interactions between Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) and traffic control devices, specifically traffic lights and stop signs. Derived from the Waymo Motion dataset, our work…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zheng Li , Zhipeng Bao , Haoming Meng , Haotian Shi , Qianwen Li , Handong Yao , Xiaopeng Li

The low-light conditions are challenging to the vision-centric perception systems for autonomous driving in the dark environment. In this paper, we propose a new benchmark dataset (named DarkDriving) to investigate the low-light enhancement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Wuqi Wang , Haochen Yang , Baolu Li , Jiaqi Sun , Xiangmo Zhao , Zhigang Xu , Qing Guo , Haigen Min , Tianyun Zhang , Hongkai Yu

Accurate lane detection is essential for automated driving, enabling safe and reliable vehicle navigation across a variety of road scenarios. Numerous datasets have been introduced to support the development and evaluation of lane detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Jörg Gamerdinger , Sven Teufel , Oliver Bringmann

Datasets pertaining to autonomous vehicles (AVs) hold significant promise for a range of research fields, including artificial intelligence (AI), autonomous driving, and transportation engineering. Nonetheless, these datasets often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Xintao Yan , Erdao Liang , Jiawei Wang , Haojie Zhu , Henry X. Liu

Traffic light detection is essential for self-driving cars to navigate safely in urban areas. Publicly available traffic light datasets are inadequate for the development of algorithms for detecting distant traffic lights that provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Harindu Jayarathne , Tharindu Samarakoon , Hasara Koralege , Asitha Divisekara , Ranga Rodrigo , Peshala Jayasekara

Understanding other drivers' intentions is crucial for safe driving. The role of taillights in conveying these intentions is underemphasized in current autonomous driving systems. Accurately identifying taillight signals is essential for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Jinhao Chai , Shiyi Mu , Shugong Xu

This study developed a traffic sign detection and recognition algorithm based on the RetinaNet. Two main aspects were revised to improve the detection of traffic signs: image cropping to address the issue of large image and small traffic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Meixin Zhu , Jingyun Hu , Ziyuan Pu , Zhiyong Cui , Liangwu Yan , Yinhai Wang

Perception is a cornerstone of autonomous driving, enabling vehicles to understand their surroundings and make safe, reliable decisions. Developing robust perception algorithms requires large-scale, high-quality datasets that cover diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Dominik Rößle , Xujun Xie , Adithya Mohan , Venkatesh Thirugnana Sambandham , Daniel Cremers , Torsten Schön

Traffic light perception is an essential component of the camera-based perception system for autonomous vehicles, enabling accurate detection and interpretation of traffic lights to ensure safe navigation through complex urban environments.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Rupert Polley , Nikolai Polley , Dominik Heid , Marc Heinrich , Sven Ochs , J. Marius Zöllner

For advanced driver assistance systems, it is crucial to have information about oncoming vehicles as early as possible. At night, this task is especially difficult due to poor lighting conditions. For that, during nighttime, every vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Lars Ohnemus , Lukas Ewecker , Ebubekir Asan , Stefan Roos , Simon Isele , Jakob Ketterer , Leopold Müller , Sascha Saralajew

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising solution for addressing traffic signal control (TSC) challenges. While most RL-based TSC systems typically employ an online approach, facilitating frequent active interaction with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Liang Zhang , Yutong Zhang , Jianming Deng , Chen Li

Freespace detection is an essential component of autonomous driving technology and plays an important role in trajectory planning. In the last decade, deep learning-based free space detection methods have been proved feasible. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Chen Min , Weizhong Jiang , Dawei Zhao , Jiaolong Xu , Liang Xiao , Yiming Nie , Bin Dai

Current autonomous driving algorithms heavily rely on the visible spectrum, which is prone to performance degradation in adverse conditions like fog, rain, snow, glare, and high contrast. Although other spectral bands like near-infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Youngwan Jin , Michal Kovac , Yagiz Nalcakan , Hyeongjin Ju , Hanbin Song , Sanghyeop Yeo , Shiho Kim

Real-time fault detection for freight trains plays a vital role in guaranteeing the security and optimal operation of railway transportation under stringent resource requirements. Despite the promising results for deep learning based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Yang Zhang , Moyun Liu , Yang Yang , Yanwen Guo , Huiming Zhang
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