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Power law distributed fluctuations are known to accompany \emph{terminal} failure in disordered brittle solids. The associated intermittent scale-free behavior is of interest from the fundamental point of view as it emerges universally from…
Two models of binary fragmentation are introduced in which a time dependent transition size produces two regions of fragment sizes above and below the transition size. In the models we consider a fixed rate of fragmentation for the largest…
The field of biomedical imaging has undergone a rapid growth in recent years, mostly due to the implementation of ad-hoc designed experimental setups, theoretical support methods and numerical reconstructions. Especially for biological…
Branching in vascular networks and in overall organismic form is one of the most common and ancient features of multicellular plants, fungi, and animals. By combining machine-learning techniques with new theory that relates vascular form to…
The fractal properties of models of randomly placed $n$-dimensional spheres ($n$=1,2,3) are studied using standard techniques for calculating fractal dimensions in empirical data (the box counting and Minkowski-sausage techniques). Using…
Biological tissue has a complex structure and exhibits rich spectroscopic behavior. There is \emph{no} tissue model up to now able to account for the observed spectroscopy of tissue light scattering and its anisotropy. Here we present,…
We present a simple scheme to determine the diffusion properties of a thin slab of strongly scattering material by measuring the speckle contrast resulting from the transmission of a femtosecond pulse with controlled bandwidth. In contrast…
Research done during the previous century established our Standard Cosmological Model. There are many details still to be filled in, but few would seriously doubt the basic premise. Past surveys have revealed that the large-scale…
The widths, dispersion measures, dispersion indices and fluences of Fast Radio Bursts (FRB) impose coupled constraints that all models must satisfy. Observation of dispersion indices close to their low density limit of $-2$ sets a…
Electronic matter waves traveling through the weak and smoothly varying disorder potential of a semi-conductor show branching behavior instead of a smooth spreading of flow. By transferring this phenomenon to optics, we show how the…
We study theoretically how we can determine the neutron density distributions of unstable nuclei from proton elastic scattering. We apply the relativistic impulse model to study the sensitivities of the observables to the density…
The power-law dependence of the angle in the angular projection of galaxy distribution is explained by assuming that in the spherical shells within a small angle the distributions are also fractal. If this local angular fractal is…
No surface is perfectly planar at all scales. The notion of flatness of a surface therefore depends on the size of the probe used to observe it. As a consequence rough interfaces are abundant in nature. Here the old, but still active field…
We consider the multiple scattering of a scalar wave in a disordered medium with a weak nonlinearity of Kerr type. The perturbation theory, developed to calculate the temporal autocorrelation function of scattered wave, fails at short…
Biological tissue consists of various molecules. Instead of focusing on a particular molecule, we consider the Shannon entropy which is calculated from the abundance of different molecules at each spot in the tissue. The spatial…
A new approach is developed within the first-order Born approximation to light scattering from a collection of particles with $\mathcal{L}$ types. Two $\mathcal{L}\times\mathcal{L}$ matrices called pair-potential matrix (PPM) and…
The miscible displacement of a shear-thinning fluid by another of same rheological properties is studied experimentally in a transparent fracture by an optical technique imaging relative concentration distributions. The fracture walls have…
Effects of nonlinearity in Thomson scattering of a high intensity laser pulse from electrons are analyzed. Analytic expressions for laser pulse shaping in amplitude and frequency are obtained which control spectrum broadening for…
The influence of controlled vibrations on the granular rheology is investigated in a specifically designed experiment. We study experimentally a thin granular film spreading under the action of horizontal vibrations. A nonlinear diffusion…
On the basis of the separated form-factors model, parameters of the polydispersed unilamellar DMPC vesicle population are analyzed. The neutron scattering length density across the membrane is simulated on the basis of fluctuated model of…