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At the very early Universe the matter fields are described by the GUT models in curved space-time. At high energies these fields are asymptotically free and conformally coupled to external metric. The only possible quantum effect is the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Guido Cognola , Ilya L. Shapiro

Theoretical calculations of the cooling potential of radiative cooling materials are crucial for determining their cooling capability under different meteorological conditions and evaluating their performance. To enable these calculations,…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-08-19 Jyotirmoy Mandal , Xin Huang , Aaswath P. Raman

We derive the fundamental limit to near-field radiative thermal rectification mediated by an intrinsic semiconductor film within the framework of fluctuational electrodynamics. By leveraging the electromagnetic local density of states, we…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-08-31 Qizhang Li , Qun Chen , Bai Song

Near-field radiative heat transfer (RHT) between two bodies can significantly exceed the far-field limit set by Planck's law due to the evanescent wave tunneling, which typically can only occur when the two bodies are separated at…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-03-14 Jian Dong , Junming Zhao , Linhua Liu

Feedback cooling plays a critical role in stabilizing quantum systems and achieving low temperatures, where a key question is to determine the fundamental thermodynamic limits on cooling performance. We establish a fundamental bound on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-08 Kousuke Kumasaki , Toshihiro Yada , Ken Funo , Takahiro Sagawa

Ballistic transport, realized when the system size is smaller than the mean free path of energy carriers, is traditionally regarded as the ultimate limit for energy transfer. Here, we predict a superballistic radiative heat transport regime…

Optics · Physics 2026-03-18 Jian Dong , Junming Zhao , Philippe Ben-Abdallah , Linhua Liu

Heat flux meters are used for measuring the heat flux densities going through walls, usually at quasi-steady state. The limitations of heat flux meters under dynamic conditions are well documented in the literature; nonetheless there is a…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-06-25 I. Naveros , Christian Ghiaus , D. P. Ruíz

In this paper, we propose and analyze a new semi-implicit stochastic multiscale method for the radiative heat transfer problem with additive noise fluctuation in composite materials. In the proposed method, the strong nonlinearity term…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Shan Zhang , Yajun Wang , Xiaofei Guan

A unified $\chi$-criterion for heat devices (including heat engines and refrigerators) which is defined as the product of the energy conversion efficiency and the heat absorbed per unit time by the working substance [de Tom\'{a}s \emph{et…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-03-13 Shiqi Sheng , Z. C. Tu

We examine the non-equilibrium radiative heat transfer between a plate and finite cylinders and cones, making the first accurate theoretical predictions for the total heat transfer and the spatial heat flux profile for three-dimensional…

Classical Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Alexander P. McCauley , M. T. Homer Reid , Matthias Krüger , Steven G. Johnson

We formulate the problem of near-field radiative heat transfer as an effective quantum scattering theory for excitations of the matter. Built from the same ingredients as the semiclassical fluctuational electrodynamics, the standard tool to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Matthias Hübler , Denis M. Basko , Wolfgang Belzig

Nearly all thermal radiation phenomena involving materials with linear response can be accurately described via semi-classical theories of light. Here, we go beyond these traditional paradigms to study a nonlinear system which, as we show,…

Relativistic thermal devices offer a unique platform for understanding the interplay between motion, quantum fields, and thermodynamics, revealing phenomena inaccessible to stationary systems. We consider a two-qubit SWAP heat engine whose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-18 Dimitris Moustos , Obinna Abah

Continuous particle exchange thermal machines require no time-dependent driving, can be realised in solid-state electronic devices, and miniaturised to nanometre scale. Quantum dots, providing a narrow energy filter and allowing to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-18 Eugenia Pyurbeeva , Ronnie Kosloff

The \chi-criterion is defined as the product of the energy conversion efficiency and the heat absorbed per-unit-time by the working substance [de Tom\'as et al., Phys. Rev. E, 85 (2012) 010104(R)]. The \chi-criterion for Feynman ratchet as…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-18 Shiqi Sheng , Pan Yang , Z. C. Tu

We investigate the full counting statistics of extreme-near-field radiative heat transfer using nonequilibrium Green's function formalism. In the extreme near field, the electron-electron interactions between two metallic bodies dominate…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-09-12 Gaomin Tang , Jian-Sheng Wang

The radiative heat transfer in the extreme near-field regime, i.e. for distances below 10 nm, remains poorly understood. There are competing experimental results in this regime, with some in good agreement with theoretical predictions,…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Fridolin Geesmann , Philipp Thurau , Sophie Rodehutskors , Till Ziehm , Ludwig Worbes , Svend-Age Biehs , Achim Kittel

Understanding the fundamental limits of various energy conversion approaches is essential for assessing their efficiency and power output. In this work, we derive general performance bounds for thermoradiative heat engines that exchange…

Applied Physics · Physics 2025-07-29 Maxime Giteau , Michela F. Picardi , Georgia T. Papadakis

In the paper the thermal energy transfer for elementary particles is described. The quantum heat transport equation is obtained. It is shown that for thermal excitation of the order of the relaxation time the excited matter response is…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Kozlowski

Quantum state engineering and quantum computation rely on information erasure procedures that, up to some fidelity, prepare a quantum object in a pure state. Such processes occur within Landauer's framework if they rely on an interaction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-26 M. Hamed Mohammady , Masoud Mohseni , Yasser Omar