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Related papers: Archimedean Choice Functions: an Axiomatic Foundat…

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Abstraction and realization are bilateral processes that are key in deriving intelligence and creativity. In many domains, the two processes are approached through rules: high-level principles that reveal invariances within similar yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-13 Haizi Yu , Tianxi Li , Lav R. Varshney

The main result presented in this article is that probability can fundamentally be characterized as a subset of conditional expectation induced by a plausible preorder on random quantities. This is justified by the fact that probability is…

Logic · Mathematics 2024-06-14 Ladislav Mečíř

The inability of artificial neural networks to assess the uncertainty of their predictions is an impediment to their widespread use. We distinguish two types of learnable uncertainty: model uncertainty due to a lack of training data and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Hans Weytjens , Jochen De Weerdt

In this paper, we present a probabilistic adaptation of an Assume/Guarantee contract formalism. For the sake of generality, we assume that the extended state machines used in the contracts and implementations define sets of runs on a given…

Performance · Computer Science 2009-04-20 Benoît Delahaye , Benoît Caillaud

In this paper, an optimization problem with uncertain objective function coefficients is considered. The uncertainty is specified by providing a discrete scenario set, containing possible realizations of the objective function coefficients.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Marc Goerigk , Romain Guillaume , Adam Kasperski , Paweł Zieliński

In multiple criteria decision aiding, very often the alternatives are compared by means of a value function compatible with the preferences expressed by the Decision Maker. The problem is that, in general, there is a plurality of compatible…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-14 Sally Giuseppe Arcidiacono , Salvatore Corrente , Salvatore Greco

We investigate a generalisation of the coherent choice functions considered by Seidenfeld et al. (2010), by sticking to the convexity axiom but imposing no Archimedeanity condition. We define our choice functions on vector spaces of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Arthur Van Camp , Gert de Cooman , Enrique Miranda

We present a semantics for adding uncertainty to conditional logics for default reasoning and belief revision. We are able to treat conditional sentences as statements of conditional probability, and express rules for revision such as "If A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-03-08 Craig Boutilier

An agent often has a number of hypotheses, and must choose among them based on observations, or outcomes of experiments. Each of these observations can be viewed as providing evidence for or against various hypotheses. All the attempts to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Joseph Y. Halpern , Riccardo Pucella

By discussing several examples, the theory of generalized functional models is shown to be very natural for modeling some situations of reasoning under uncertainty. A generalized functional model is a pair (f, P) where f is a function…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-08 Paul-Andre Monney

Inferring from inconsistency and making decisions are two problems which have always been treated separately by researchers in Artificial Intelligence. Consequently, different models have been proposed for each category. Different…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Leila Amgoud

We consider a task of scheduling with a common deadline on a single machine. Every player reports to a scheduler the length of his job and the scheduler needs to finish as many jobs as possible by the deadline. For this simple problem,…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2011-03-15 Uriel Feige , Moshe Tennenholtz

There are two major types of uncertainty one can model. Aleatoric uncertainty captures noise inherent in the observations. On the other hand, epistemic uncertainty accounts for uncertainty in the model -- uncertainty which can be explained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-06 Alex Kendall , Yarin Gal

Given noisy data, function estimation is considered when the unknown function is known apriori to consist of a small number of regions where the function is either convex or concave. When the regions are known apriori, the estimate is…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-18 Kurt S. Riedel

On a variety of complex decision-making tasks, from doctors prescribing treatment to judges setting bail, machine learning algorithms have been shown to outperform expert human judgments. One complication, however, is that it is often…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-07 Jongbin Jung , Ravi Shroff , Avi Feller , Sharad Goel

Fairness in decision-making processes is often quantified using probabilistic metrics. However, these metrics may not fully capture the real-world consequences of unfairness. In this article, we adopt a utility-based approach to more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Tolulope Fadina , Thorsten Schmidt

We implement nonparametric revealed-preference tests of subjective expected utility theory and its generalizations. We find that a majority of subjects' choices are consistent with the maximization of some utility function. They respond to…

General Economics · Economics 2021-05-04 Federico Echenique , Taisuke Imai , Kota Saito

Decision making under uncertainty is a key component of many AI settings, and in particular of voting scenarios where strategic agents are trying to reach a joint decision. The common approach to handle uncertainty is by maximizing expected…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Omer Lev , Reshef Meir , Svetlana Obraztsova , Maria Polukarov

This paper relates comparative belief structures and a general view of belief management in the setting of deductively closed logical representations of accepted beliefs. We show that the range of compatibility between the classical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Didier Dubois , Helene Fargier , Henri Prade

An important factor to guarantee a fair use of data-driven recommendation systems is that we should be able to communicate their uncertainty to decision makers. This can be accomplished by constructing prediction intervals, which provide an…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-08-16 Yaniv Romano , Rina Foygel Barber , Chiara Sabatti , Emmanuel J. Candès