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The supermassive black holes found at the centers of galaxies are often surrounded by dense star clusters. The ages of these clusters are generally longer than the resonant-relaxation time and shorter than the two-body relaxation time over…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-12-18 Scott Tremaine

The centers of most galaxies contain massive black holes surrounded by dense star clusters. The structure of these clusters determines the rate and properties of observable transient events, such as flares from tidally disrupted stars and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-24 Jihad Touma , Scott Tremaine , Mher Kazandjian

Rotating star clusters near supermassive black holes are studied using Touma-Tremaine thermodynamics of gravitationally interacting orbital ellipses. A simple numerical procedure for calculating thermodynamic equilibrium states for an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2020-12-16 Andrei Gruzinov , Yuri Levin , Jiarong Zhu

Supermassive black holes in the centre of galaxies dominate the gravitational potential of their surrounding stellar clusters. In these dense environments, stars follow nearly Keplerian orbits, which get slowly distorted as a result of the…

We examine dense self-gravitating stellar systems dominated by a central potential, such as nuclear star clusters hosting a central supermassive black hole. Different dynamical properties of these systems evolve on vastly different…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-06-20 Zacharias Roupas , Bence Kocsis , Scott Tremaine

We consider a generic first-order phase transition at finite temperature and investigate to what extent a population of primordial black holes, of variable masses, can affect the rate of bubble nucleation. Using a thin-wall approximation,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-12-24 Basem Kamal El-Menoufi , Stephan J. Huber , Jonathan P. Manuel

Two dimensional (2D) classical system of dipole particles confined by a quadratic potential is studied. For clusters of N < 81 particles ground state configurations and appropriate eigenfrequencies and eigenvectors for the normal modes are…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 A. I. Belousov , Yu. E. Lozovik

The dynamic orientational order-disorder transition of clusters consisting of octahedral molecules is formulated in terms of symmetry-adapted rotator functions. The transition from a higher-temperature body-centered-cubic, orientationally…

Atomic and Molecular Clusters · Physics 2007-05-23 Ana Proykova , Dessislava Nikolova , R. Stephen Berry

[abridged] Energy relaxation around a massive black hole (MBH) is key to establishing the dynamical state of galactic nuclei, and the nature of close stellar interactions with the MBH. The standard description of relaxation as diffusion…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-11 Ben Bar-Or , Gábor Kupi , Tal Alexander

A significant fraction of galaxy clusters show central cooling times of less than 1 Gyr and associated central cluster entropies below $30\,\mathrm{keV}\,\mathrm{cm}^2$. We provide a straight forward explanation for these low central…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-11 Rainer Weinberger , Christoph Pfrommer

We classify orbits of stars that are bound to central black holes in galactic nuclei. The stars move under the combined gravitational influences of the black hole and the central star cluster. Within the sphere of influence of the black…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. Sridhar , J. Touma

The origin of supermassive black holes is an open question that has been explored considering gas- and collision-based formation channels to explain the high number of quasars observed in the early Universe. According to numerical…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-02 P. A. Solar , B. Reinoso , D. R. G. Schleicher , R. S. Klessen , Robi Banerjee

Activities of a supermassive black hole or active galactic nucleus in the central galaxy of a cluster of galaxies have been promising candidates for heating sources of cool cluster cores. We estimate the masses of black holes using known…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yutaka Fujita , Thomas H. Reiprich

In nuclear star clusters, the potential is governed by the central massive black hole, so that stars move on nearly Keplerian orbits and the total potential is almost stationary in time. Yet, the deviations of the potential from the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-07-04 Ben Bar-Or , Jean-Baptiste Fouvry

In this paper we report results of collisional N-body simulations of the dynamical evolution of equal-mass star clusters containing a massive central black hole. Each cluster is composed of between 5,000 to 180,000 stars together with a…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Holger Baumgardt , Junichiro Makino , Toshikazu Ebisuzaki

The orbits of stars close to a massive black hole are nearly Keplerian ellipses. Such orbits exert long term torques on each other, which lead to an enhanced angular momentum relaxation known as resonant relaxation. Under certain…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-23 M. Atakan Gürkan , Clovis Hopman

We study the Einstein-SO(3)Yang-Mills-Higgs system with a negative cosmological constant, and find the monopole black hole solutions as well as the trivial Reissner-Nordstr\"{o}m black hole. We discuss thermodynamical stability of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-12-28 Shoichiro Miyashita , Kei-ichi Maeda

In this paper, globular star clusters which contain a sub-system of stellar-mass black holes (BH) are investigated. This is done by considering two-component models, as these are the simplest approximation of more realistic multi-mass…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 Philip G. Breen , Douglas C. Heggie

Vector resonant relaxation (VRR) is known to be the fastest gravitational process that shapes the geometry of stellar orbits in nuclear star clusters. This leads to the realignment of the orbital planes on the corresponding VRR time scale…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-01 Gergely Máthé , Ákos Szölgyén , Bence Kocsis

We carry out high-resolution adaptive mesh refinement simulations of a cool core cluster, resolving the flow from Mpc scales down to pc scales. We do not (yet) include any AGN heating, focusing instead on cooling in order to understand how…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Yuan Li , Greg L. Bryan
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