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Continuum robots have gained widespread popularity due to their inherent compliance and flexibility, particularly their adjustable levels of stiffness for various application scenarios. Despite efforts to dynamic modeling and control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Bowen Yi , Yeman Fan , Dikai Liu , Jose Guadalupe Romero

Collaborative robots must simultaneously be safe enough to operate in close proximity to human operators and powerful enough to assist users in industrial tasks such as lifting heavy equipment. The requirement for safety necessitates that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Garrison L. H. Johnston , Andrew L. Orekhov , Nabil Simaan

Soft robot serial chain manipulators with the capability for growth, stiffness control, and discrete joints have the potential to approach the dexterity of traditional robot arms, while improving safety, lowering cost, and providing an…

Rapid acceleration and burst maneuvers in underwater robots depend less on maintaining precise resonance and more on force--velocity phase alignment during thrust generation. In this work, we investigate constrained-layer damping (CLD) as a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Qimin Feng , Orion A. Roberts , Qiang Zhong

Through the implementation of reconfigurability to achieve flexibility and adaptation to tasks by morphology changes rather than by increasing the number of joints, malleable robots present advantages over traditional serial robot arms in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Angus B. Clark , Nicolas Rojas

Stroke-induced motor impairment often results in substantial loss of upper-limb function, creating a strong demand for rehabilitation robots that enable safe and transparent physical human-robot interaction (pHRI). Variable stiffness…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Maozeng Zhang , Ke Shi , Huijun Li , Tongshu Chen , Jiejun Yan , Aiguo Song

Soft composite solids are made of inclusions dispersed within soft matrices. They are ubiquitous in nature and form the basis of many biological tissues. In the field of materials science, synthetic soft composites are promising candidates…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-14 Yiqiu Zhao , Haitao Hu , Yulu Huang , Hanqing Liu , Caishan Yan , Chang Xu , Rui Zhang , Yifan Wang , Qin Xu

We present an approach to overcoming challenges in dynamical dexterity for robots through tunable origami structures. Our work leverages a one-parameter family of flat sheet crease patterns that folds into origami bellows, whose axial…

Variable stiffness is a key capability in biological and robotic systems, enabling adaptive interaction across tasks and environments. Mechanical metamaterials offer an alternative to conventional mechatronic solutions by encoding stiffness…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-06 Hugo de Souza Oliveira , Michele Curatolo , Renate Sachse , Edoardo Milana

A distinctive feature of quadrupeds that is integral to their locomotion is the tail. Tails serve many purposes in biological systems including propulsion, counterbalance, and stabilization while walking, running, climbing, or jumping.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Josh Buckley , Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin

Inflatable structures used in soft robotics applications exhibit unique characteristics. In particular, the tip-extension structure, which grows from the tip, can grow without friction against the environment. However, these inflatable…

Isoperimetric robotic trusses can adapt to different tasks and environments because they have a high strength-to-weight ratio, can change their own shape dramatically, and can be reconfigured into a variety of different shapes. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-21 James Wade , Isaac Weaver , Mihai Stanciu , Nathan Usevitch

High-performance closed-loop control of truly soft continuum manipulators has remained elusive. Experimental demonstrations have largely relied on sufficiently stiff, piecewise architectures in which each actuated segment behaves as a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Vito Daniele Perfetta , Daniel Feliu-Talegon , Ebrahim Shahabi , Cosimo Della Santina

Tip-extending soft robots that "grow" via pneumatic eversion of their body material have demonstrated applications in exploration of cluttered environments. During growth, the motion and force of the robot tip can be controlled in three…

Reinforcement-learned locomotion enables legged robots to perform highly dynamic motions but often accompanies time-consuming manual tuning of joint stiffness. This paper introduces a novel control paradigm that integrates variable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Dario Spoljaric , Yashuai Yan , Dongheui Lee

Robots are increasingly being deployed not only in workplaces but also in households. Effectively execute of manipulation tasks by robots relies on variable impedance control with contact forces. Furthermore, robots should possess adaptive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Yu Zhang , Long Cheng , Xiuze Xia , Haoyu Zhang

Although research studies in pneumatic soft robots develop rapidly, most pneumatic actuators are still controlled by rigid valves and conventional electronics. The existence of these rigid, electronic components sacrifices the compliance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Sihan Wang , Liang He , Perla Maiolino

Highly articulated organisms serve as blueprints for incredibly dexterous mechanisms, but building similarly capable robotic counterparts has been hindered by the difficulties of developing electromechanical actuators with both the high…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Patrick Lancaster , Christoforos Mavrogiannis , Siddhartha Srinivasa , Joshua Smith

The paper focuses on the enhanced stiffness modeling of robotic manipulators by taking into account influence of the external force/torque acting upon the end point. It implements the virtual joint technique that describes the compliance of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2009-12-09 Anatoly Pashkevich , Alexandr Klimchik , Damien Chablat

Granular jamming has been identified as a fundamental mechanism for the operation of robotic grippers. In this work, we show, that soft particles like expanded polystyrene beads lead to significantly larger gripping forces in comparison to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-01-11 Holger Götz , Angel Santarossa , Achim Sack , Thorsten Pöschel , Patric Müller