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Surface defects created and probed with scanning tunneling microscopes are a promising platform for atomic-scale electronics and quantum information technology applications. Using first-principles calculations we demonstrate how to engineer…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-08-02 Peter Scherpelz , Giulia Galli

Structural defects control the kinetic, thermodynamic and mechanical properties of glasses. For instance, rare quantum tunneling two-level systems (TLS) govern the physics of glasses at very low temperature. Because of their extremely low…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2023-07-19 Simone Ciarella , Dmytro Khomenko , Ludovic Berthier , Felix C. Mocanu , David R. Reichman , Camille Scalliet , Francesco Zamponi

Near-surface nitrogen-vacancy centres are critical to many diamond-based quantum technologies such as information processors and nanosensors. Surface defects play an important role in the design and performance of these devices. The…

Detecting and evaluating surface coating defects is important for marine vessel maintenance. Currently, the assessment is carried out manually by qualified inspectors using international standards and their own experience. Automating the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Li Yu , Kareem Metwaly , James Z. Wang , Vishal Monga

Atomic level qubits in silicon are attractive candidates for large-scale quantum computing, however, their quantum properties and controllability are sensitive to details such as the number of donor atoms comprising a qubit and their…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-17 Muhammad Usman , Yi Z. Wong , Charles D. Hill , Lloyd C. L. Hollenberg

Over the last two decades, scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) has become one of the most important ways to investigate the structure of crystal surfaces. STM has helped achieve remarkable successes in surface science such as finding the…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-10 Cristian V. Ciobanu , Cristian Predescu

Quantitative analysis of microstructural features on the nanoscale, including precipitates, local chemical orderings (LCOs) or structural defects (e.g. stacking faults) plays a pivotal role in understanding the mechanical and physical…

Electron microscopy is widely used to explore defects in crystal structures, but human detecting of defects is often time-consuming, error-prone, and unreliable, and is not scalable to large numbers of images or real-time analysis. In this…

Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a powerful technique for imaging atomic structure and inferring information on local elemental composition, chemical bonding, and electronic excitations. However, traditional methods of visual…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-02-21 Qiang Zou , Basu Dev Oli , Huimin Zhang , Joseph Benigno , Xin Li , Lian Li

Progress in functional materials discovery has been accelerated by advances in high throughput materials synthesis and by the development of high-throughput computation. However, a complementary robust and high throughput structural…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-11-30 Jiadong Dan , Xiaoxu Zhao , Shoucong Ning , Jiong Lu , Kian Ping Loh , N. Duane Loh , Stephen J. Pennycook

This proposes a novel ensemble deep learning-based model to accurately classify, detect and localize different defect categories for aggressive pitches and thin resists (High NA applications).In particular, we train RetinaNet models using…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-29 Bappaditya Deya , Dipam Goswamif , Sandip Haldera , Kasem Khalilb , Philippe Leraya , Magdy A. Bayoumi

Many new material systems are being explored to enable smaller, more capable and energy efficient devices. These bottom up approaches for atomic and molecular electronics, quantum computation, and data storage all rely on a well-developed…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-02-11 Roshan Achal , Mohammad Rashidi , Jeremiah Croshaw , Taleana Huff , Robert A. Wolkow

Deep learning methods have proven to outperform traditional computer vision methods in various areas of image processing. However, the application of deep learning in industrial surface defect detection systems is challenging due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-24 Dominik Martin , Simon Heinzel , Johannes Kunze von Bischhoffshausen , Niklas Kühl

Continual shrinking of pattern dimensions in the semiconductor domain is making it increasingly difficult to inspect defects due to factors such as the presence of stochastic noise and the dynamic behavior of defect patterns and types.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Vic De Ridder , Bappaditya Dey , Enrique Dehaerne , Sandip Halder , Stefan De Gendt , Bartel Van Waeyenberge

Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) has presented a revolutionary methodology to the nanoscience and nanotechnology. It enables imaging the topography of surfaces, mapping the distribution of electronic density of states, and manipulating…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-09-07 Wonhee Ko , Chuanxu Ma , Giang D. Nguyen , Marek Kolmer , An-Ping Li

Materials with tailored quantum properties can be engineered from atomic scale assembly techniques, but existing methods often lack the agility and accuracy to precisely and intelligently control the manufacturing process. Here we…

Understanding elementary mechanisms behind solid-state phase transformations and reactions is the key to optimizing desired functional properties of many technologically relevant materials. Recent advances in scanning transmission electron…

A growing need exists for efficient and accurate methods for detecting defects in semiconductor materials and devices. These defects can have a detrimental impact on the efficiency of the manufacturing process, because they cause critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Thibault Lechien , Enrique Dehaerne , Bappaditya Dey , Victor Blanco , Sandip Halder , Stefan De Gendt , Wannes Meert

In this review, automatic defect inspection algorithms that analyze Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images for Semiconductor Manufacturing (SM) are identified, categorized, and discussed. This is a topic of critical importance for the SM…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-02 Enrique Dehaerne , Bappaditya Dey , Victor Blanco , Jesse Davis

Microfluidic devices offer numerous advantages in medical applications, including the capture of single cells in microwell-based platforms for genomic analysis. As the cost of sequencing decreases, the demand for high-throughput single-cell…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-09-13 Xueying Zhao , Yan Chen , Yuefu Jiang , Amie Radenbaugh , Jamie Moskwa , Devon Jensen