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We study the entanglement entropy and the modular Hamiltonian of slightly excited states reduced to a ball shaped region in generic conformal field theories. We set up a formal expansion in the one point functions of the state in which all…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-02-14 Gábor Sárosi , Tomonori Ugajin

We introduce a new approach to find the Tomita-Takesaki modular flow for multi-component regions in general chiral conformal field theory. Our method is based on locality and analyticity of primary fields as well as the so-called…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-12-24 Stefan Hollands

We develop a perturbative understanding of the modular Hamiltonian for a 2D CFT, divided into left and right half-spaces, with a weak local perturbation inserted in the future wedge. A formal perturbation series for the modular Hamiltonian…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-24 Xiaole Jiang , Daniel Kabat , Aakash Marthandan , Debajyoti Sarkar

We study half-space/Rindler modular Hamiltonians for excited states created by turning on sources for local operators in the Euclidean path integral in relativistic quantum field theories. We derive a simple, manifestly Lorentzian formula…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-02-04 Srivatsan Balakrishnan , Onkar Parrikar

We study entanglement entropy for ball-shaped regions in excited states of holographic conformal field theories. The excited states are prepared by the Euclidean path integral in the CFT with a source turned on for some double-trace…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-04-15 Abhirup Bhattacharya , Onkar Parrikar

The Tomita-Takesaki modular operator for local algebras plays an important role in quantum field theory, and more recently in the study of relative entropy. However, the explicit expression of this operator, except for the case of wedges,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2023-12-15 Daniela Cadamuro

In this article, we explore the connection between the heating phase of periodically driven CFTs and the Modular Hamiltonian of a subregion in the vacuum state. We show that the heating phase Hamiltonian corresponds to the Modular…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-07-12 Suchetan Das , Bobby Ezhuthachan , Somnath Porey , Baishali Roy

We develop new techniques for studying the modular and the relative modular flows of general excited states. We show that the class of states obtained by acting on the vacuum (or any cyclic and separating state) with invertible operators…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-10-22 Nima Lashkari , Hong Liu , Srivatsan Rajagopal

We compute modular Hamiltonians for excited states obtained by perturbing the vacuum with a unitary operator. We use operator methods and work to first order in the strength of the perturbation. For the most part we divide space in half and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-02-03 Daniel Kabat , Gilad Lifschytz , Phuc Nguyen , Debajyoti Sarkar

We compute the bulk entanglement entropy across the Ryu-Takayanagi surface for a one-particle state in a scalar field theory in AdS$_3$. We work directly within the bulk Hilbert space and include the spatial spread of the scalar…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-26 Alexandre Belin , Nabil Iqbal , Sagar F. Lokhande

We present a systematic construction of bulk solutions that are dual to CFT excited states. The bulk solution is constructed perturbatively in bulk fields. The linearised solution is universal and depends only on the conformal dimension of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-04-19 Ariana Christodoulou , Kostas Skenderis

We study the modular Hamiltonian and the entanglement entropy of the BMS-invariant free fermion model. Starting from the modular Hamiltonian on a half-line interval, we calculate the modular Hamiltonian for a region consisting of two…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-15 Peng-Xiang Hao , Wen-Xin Lai , Wei Song , Zehua Xiao

We study the non-zero eigenmodes for the modular Hamiltonian in the context of AdS$_3/$CFT$_2$. We show how to perturbatively construct zero eigenmodes for the modular Hamiltonian of the class of excited states constructed in Lashkari et…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-10-23 Suchetan Das , Bobby Ezhuthachan

We study several aspects of holographic entanglement in two models known as flat$_3$/BMSFT and (W)AdS$_3$/WCFT. These are two examples of holography beyond AdS/CFT where the the boundary field theories are not Lorentz invariant but still…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-09-10 Luis Apolo , Hongliang Jiang , Wei Song , Yuan Zhong

We explore and analyze bulk geometric aspects corresponding to a driven two-dimensional holographic CFT, where the drive Hamiltonian is constructed from the $sl^{(q)}(2,\mathbb{R})$ generators. In particular, we demonstrate that starting…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-31 Jayashish Das , Arnab Kundu

We study geometric modular flows in two-dimensional conformal field theories. We explore which states exhibit a geometric modular flow with respect to a causally complete subregion and, conversely, how to construct a state from a given…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-07-08 Jacqueline Caminiti , Federico Capeccia , Luca Ciambelli , Robert C. Myers

We determine the Tomita-Takesaki modular data for CFTs in double cone and light cone regions in conformally flat spacetimes. This includes in particular the modular Hamiltonian for diamonds in the de Sitter spacetime. In the limit where the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-12-18 Markus B. Fröb

We use holographic methods to study the entanglement entropy for excited states in a two dimensional conformal field theory. The entangling area is a single interval and the excitations are produced by in and out vertex operators with given…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-03-27 Amin Faraji Astaneh , Amir Esmaeil Mosaffa

We develop a method of constructing excited states in one dimensional spin chains which are derived from the $SU(2)_1$ Wess-Zumino-Witten Conformal Field Theory (CFT) using a parent Hamiltonian approach. The resulting systems are equivalent…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2015-06-15 Benedikt Herwerth , Germán Sierra , Hong-Hao Tu , Anne E. B. Nielsen

Solving excited states is a challenging task for interacting systems. For one-dimensional critical systems, however, excited states can be directly accessed from the eigenvectors of the local effective Hamiltonian that is constructed from…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-05-28 Denise Cocchiarella , Mingru Yang , Yueshui Zhang , Mari Carmen Bañuls , Hong-Hao Tu , Yuhan Liu
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