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This paper introduces the Constrained Monte Carlo Tree Search (CMCTS) framework to enhance the mathematical reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLM). By incorporating a constrained action space, Process Reward Model (PRM), and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Qingwen Lin , Boyan Xu , Guimin Hu , Zijian Li , Zhifeng Hao , Keli Zhang , Ruichu Cai

In the era of vast digital information, the sheer volume and heterogeneity of available information present significant challenges for intricate information seeking. Users frequently face multistep web search tasks that involve navigating…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Ruiyang Ren , Yuhao Wang , Junyi Li , Jinhao Jiang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Wenjie Wang , Tat-Seng Chua

In retrosynthetic planning, the huge number of possible routes to synthesize a complex molecule using simple building blocks leads to a combinatorial explosion of possibilities. Even experienced chemists often have difficulty to select the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Siqi Hong , Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Kebing Jin , Guang Shao , Zhanwen Zhou

The AutoML task consists of selecting the proper algorithm in a machine learning portfolio, and its hyperparameter values, in order to deliver the best performance on the dataset at hand. Mosaic, a Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Herilalaina Rakotoarison , Marc Schoenauer , Michèle Sebag

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has proven effective in solving decision-making problems in perfect information settings. However, its application to stochastic and imperfect information domains remains limited. This paper extends the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Can Cömer , Jannis Blüml , Cedric Derstroff , Kristian Kersting

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has showcased its efficacy across a broad spectrum of decision-making problems. However, its performance often degrades under vast combinatorial action space, especially where an action is composed of multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yunhyeok Kwak , Inwoo Hwang , Dooyoung Kim , Sanghack Lee , Byoung-Tak Zhang

Decision Trees are prominent prediction models for interpretable Machine Learning. They have been thoroughly researched, mostly in the batch setting with a fixed labelled dataset, leading to popular algorithms such as C4.5, ID3 and CART.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Ayman Chaouki , Jesse Read , Albert Bifet

We tackle the problem of goal-directed graph construction: given a starting graph, a budget of modifications, and a global objective function, the aim is to find a set of edges whose addition to the graph achieves the maximum improvement in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Victor-Alexandru Darvariu , Stephen Hailes , Mirco Musolesi

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is a search paradigm that first found prominence with its success in the domain of computer Go. Early theoretical work established the soundness and convergence bounds for Upper Confidence bounds applied to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Khoi P. N. Nguyen , Raghuram Ramanujan

The combination of Monte Carlo tree search and neural networks has revolutionized online planning. As neural network approximations are often imperfect, we ask whether uncertainty estimates about the network outputs could be used to improve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Nir Greshler , David Ben Eli , Carmel Rabinovitz , Gabi Guetta , Liran Gispan , Guy Zohar , Aviv Tamar

The discovery of patterns that accurately discriminate one class label from another remains a challenging data mining task. Subgroup discovery (SD) is one of the frameworks that enables to elicit such interesting hypotheses from labeled…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-12-07 Guillaume Bosc , Jean-François Boulicaut , Chedy Raïssi , Mehdi Kaytoue

This paper introduces a new Negotiating Agent for automated negotiation on continuous domains and without considering a specified deadline. The agent bidding strategy relies on Monte Carlo Tree Search, which is a trendy method since it has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Cédric Buron , Zahia Guessoum , Sylvain Ductor

While Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) shows promise in Large Language Model (LLM) based Automatic Heuristic Design (AHD), it suffers from a critical over-exploitation tendency under the limited computational budgets required for heuristic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Kezhao Lai , Yutao Lai , Hai-Lin Liu

Recent results have shown that the MCTS algorithm (a new, adaptive, randomized optimization algorithm) is effective in a remarkably diverse set of applications in Artificial Intelligence, Operations Research, and High Energy Physics. MCTS…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-09-29 S. Ali Mirsoleimani , Aske Plaat , Jaap van den Herik

Flexible implementations of Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS), combined with domain specific knowledge and hybridization with other search algorithms, can be powerful for finding the solutions to problems in complex planning. We introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Larkin Liu , Jun Tao Luo

Diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful tool for planning. However, unlike Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS)-whose performance naturally improves with inference-time computation scaling-standard diffusion-based planners offer only…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jaesik Yoon , Hyeonseo Cho , Doojin Baek , Yoshua Bengio , Sungjin Ahn

Continuous transportation of material in the mining industry is achieved by the dispatch of autonomous haul-trucks with discrete haulage capacities. Recently, Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) was successfully deployed in tackling challenges…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Milan Tomy , Konstantin M. Seiler , Andrew J. Hill

The performance of Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) strongly depends on the choice of the parameterized quantum circuit to optimize. One of the biggest challenges in VQAs is designing quantum circuits tailored to the particular…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Vincenzo Lipardi , Domenica Dibenedetto , Georgios Stamoulis , Mark H. M. Winands

This paper introduces a new negotiating agent model for automated negotiation. We focus on applications without time pressure with multidi-mensional negotiation on both continuous and discrete domains. The agent bidding strategy relies on…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2019-09-23 Cédric Buron , Zahia Guessoum , Sylvain Ductor

Greedy heuristics may be attuned by looking ahead for each possible choice, in an approach called the rollout or Pilot method. These methods may be seen as meta-heuristics that can enhance (any) heuristic solution, by repetitively modifying…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-10-02 Thomas Philip Runarsson , Marc Schoenauer , Michèle Sebag
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