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In reinforcement learning, the standard criterion to evaluate policies in a state is the expectation of (discounted) sum of rewards. However, this criterion may not always be suitable, we consider an alternative criterion based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-04 Hugo Gilbert , Paul Weng

A very simple event frequency approximation algorithm that is sensitive to event timeliness is suggested. The algorithm iteratively updates categorical click-distribution, producing (path of) a random walk on a standard $n$-dimensional…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-05-29 Alexander Kushkuley

Traditional interpretations of probability, whether frequentist or subjective, make no reference to the concept of energy. In this paper, we propose that assigning hypothetical energy levels to the outcomes of a random variable can yield…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-05-29 Yair Neuman , Yochai Cohen

We consider a two-person trading game in continuous time whereby each player chooses a constant rebalancing rule $b$ that he must adhere to over $[0,t]$. If $V_t(b)$ denotes the final wealth of the rebalancing rule $b$, then Player 1 (the…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2022-10-24 Alex Garivaltis

In modern portfolio theory, the balancing of expected returns on investments against uncertainties in those returns is aided by the use of utility functions. The Kelly criterion offers another approach, rooted in information theory, that…

Risk Management · Quantitative Finance 2015-03-13 Ole Peters

We study the asymptotic behavior of the ratio of total return (or total profit) to total amount bet in a casino game. While the limit is well understood when the sequence of wagers is independent and identically distributed, here we…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-12-25 S. N. Ethier , L. Stefanello

There have been several popular reports of various groups exploiting the deterministic nature of the game of roulette for profit. Moreover, through its history the inherent determinism in the game of roulette has attracted the attention of…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-04 Michael Small , Chi Kong Tse

Motivated by a broad range of potential applications, we address the quantile prediction problem of real-valued time series. We present a sequential quantile forecasting model based on the combination of a set of elementary nearest…

Methodology · Statistics 2010-06-16 Gérard Biau , Benoît Patra

This paper considers the problem of constructing a confidence sequence, which is a sequence of confidence intervals that hold uniformly over time, for estimating the mean of bounded real-valued random processes. This paper revisits the…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-08-27 J. Jon Ryu , Alankrita Bhatt

We consider the Minimum Description Length principle for online sequence prediction. If the underlying model class is discrete, then the total expected square loss is a particularly interesting performance measure: (a) this quantity is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2007-07-16 Jan Poland , Marcus Hutter

This paper studies sequential quantum games under the assumption that the moves of the players are drawn from groups and not just plain sets. The extra group structure makes possible to easily derive some very general results characterizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-14 Theodore Andronikos

This paper characterizes the best possible rate of growth of wealth in a Kelly betting game when repeatedly betting against a general i.i.d. null hypothesis $\mathscr{P}$, but the data are drawn i.i.d from an arbitrary alternative $Q$. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Ashwin Ram , Aaditya Ramdas

The estimation of a probability p from repeated Bernoulli trials is considered in this paper. A sequential approach is followed, using a simple stopping rule. A closed-form expression and an upper bound are obtained for the mean absolute…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-12-19 Luis Mendo

Observing a stationary time series, we propose a two-step procedure for the prediction of the next value of the time series. The first step follows machine learning theory paradigm and consists in determining a set of possible predictors as…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-04 Pierre Alquier , Olivier Wintenberger

In evaluating prediction markets (and other crowd-prediction mechanisms), investigators have repeatedly observed a so-called "wisdom of crowds" effect, which roughly says that the average of participants performs much better than the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-02-01 Alina Beygelzimer , John Langford , David Pennock

The Bernoulli sieve is a version of the classical `balls-in-boxes' occupancy scheme, in which random frequencies of infinitely many boxes are produced by a multiplicative renewal process, also known as the residual allocation model or…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-01-28 Alexander Gnedin , Alexander Iksanov , Alexander Marynych

One-sided confidence intervals are presented for the average of non-identical Bernoulli parameters. These confidence intervals are expressed as analytical functions of the total number of Bernoulli games won, the number of rounds and the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-12-27 Jean-Daniel Bancal , Pavel Sekatski

Cricket betting is a multi-billion dollar market. Therefore, there is a strong incentive for models that can predict the outcomes of games and beat the odds provided by bookers. The aim of this study was to investigate to what degree it is…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-19 Stylianos Kampakis , William Thomas

The Minimum Description Length principle for online sequence estimation/prediction in a proper learning setup is studied. If the underlying model class is discrete, then the total expected square loss is a particularly interesting…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-07-16 Jan Poland , Marcus Hutter

We propose a sequential optimizing betting strategy in the multi-dimensional bounded forecasting game in the framework of game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk (2001). By studying the asymptotic behavior of its capital process, we…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-02-16 Masayuki Kumon , Akimichi Takemura , Kei Takeuchi