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Proteins perform much of the work in living organisms, and consequently the development of efficient computational methods for protein representation is essential for advancing large-scale biological research. Most current approaches…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-09 Francesco Ceccarelli , Lorenzo Giusti , Sean B. Holden , Pietro Liò

Molecule generation, especially generating 3D molecular geometries from scratch (i.e., 3D \textit{de novo} generation), has become a fundamental task in drug designs. Existing diffusion-based 3D molecule generation methods could suffer from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Lei Huang , Hengtong Zhang , Tingyang Xu , Ka-Chun Wong

Molecular machine learning has gained popularity with the advancements of geometric deep learning. In parallel, retrieval-augmented generation has become a principled approach commonly used with language models. However, the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Runzhong Wang , Rui-Xi Wang , Mrunali Manjrekar , Connor W. Coley

The field of molecular excitons and related supramolecular systems has largely focused on aggregates where nearest-neighbour couplings dominate. We propose that radically different states can be produced by moving beyond that paradigm. In…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-02-04 Gregory D. Scholes

The RNA inverse folding problem, a key challenge in RNA design, involves identifying nucleotide sequences that can fold into desired secondary structures, which are critical for ensuring molecular stability and function. The inherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Guang Yang , Lei Fan

Recent data-efficient molecular generation approaches exploit graph grammars to introduce interpretability into the generative models. However, grammar learning therein relies on expert annotation or unreliable heuristics for algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Weize Yuan , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

We present RL-VAE, a graph-to-graph variational autoencoder that uses reinforcement learning to decode molecular graphs from latent embeddings. Methods have been described previously for graph-to-graph autoencoding, but these approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-06 Steven Kearnes , Li Li , Patrick Riley

A graph is a powerful concept for representation of relations between pairs of entities. Data with underlying graph structure can be found across many disciplines and there is a natural desire for understanding such data better. Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-25 Martin Simonovsky

A major challenge in the pharmaceutical industry is to design novel molecules with specific desired properties, especially when the property evaluation is costly. Here, we propose MNCE-RL, a graph convolutional policy network for molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Chencheng Xu , Qiao Liu , Minlie Huang , Tao Jiang

Deep graph generative modeling has proven capable of learning the distribution of complex, multi-scale structures characterizing real-world graphs. However, one of the main limitations of existing methods is their large output space, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Nathaniel Diamant , Alex M. Tseng , Kangway V. Chuang , Tommaso Biancalani , Gabriele Scalia

Introduction: molecular geometry, the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms within a molecule, is fundamental to understanding chemical reactivity, physical properties, and biological activity. The prevailing models used to describe…

General Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Sebastian Ali Sacasa-Cespedes

This article proposes the use of Vector Symbolic Architectures for implementing Hierarchical Graph Neuron, an architecture for memorizing patterns of generic sensor stimuli. The adoption of a Vector Symbolic representation ensures a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-08-13 Denis Kleyko , Evgeny Osipov , Alexander Senior , Asad I. Khan , Y. Ahmet Şekercioğlu

A graph theoretic approach is proposed for object shape representation in a hierarchical compositional architecture called Compositional Hierarchy of Parts (CHOP). In the proposed approach, vocabulary learning is performed using a hybrid…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-01-26 Umit Rusen Aktas , Mete Ozay , Ales Leonardis , Jeremy L. Wyatt

Generating molecular graphs is crucial in drug design and discovery but remains challenging due to the complex interdependencies between nodes and edges. While diffusion models have demonstrated their potentiality in molecular graph design,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Xiaoyang Hou , Tian Zhu , Milong Ren , Dongbo Bu , Xin Gao , Chunming Zhang , Shiwei Sun

A common starting point for drug design is to find small chemical groups or "fragments" that form interactions with distinct subregions in a protein binding pocket. The subsequent challenge is to assemble these fragments into a molecule…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-29 Rohan V. Koodli , Alexander S. Powers , Ayush Pandit , Chiho Im , Ron O. Dror

Symbolic Music Generation relies on the contextual representation capabilities of the generative model, where the most prevalent approach is the Transformer-based model. The learning of musical context is also related to the structural…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Guowei Wu , Shipei Liu , Xiaoya Fan

We propose a recipe on how to build a general, powerful, scalable (GPS) graph Transformer with linear complexity and state-of-the-art results on a diverse set of benchmarks. Graph Transformers (GTs) have gained popularity in the field of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Ladislav Rampášek , Mikhail Galkin , Vijay Prakash Dwivedi , Anh Tuan Luu , Guy Wolf , Dominique Beaini

Our work introduces an innovative approach to graph learning by leveraging Hyperdimensional Computing. Graphs serve as a widely embraced method for conveying information, and their utilization in learning has gained significant attention.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Pere Verges , Igor Nunes , Mike Heddes , Tony Givargis , Alexandru Nicolau

Graph generation poses a significant challenge as it involves predicting a complete graph with multiple nodes and edges based on simply a given label. This task also carries fundamental importance to numerous real-world applications,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Xiandong Zou , Xiangyu Zhao , Pietro Liò , Yiren Zhao

Discovering new drug molecules is a pivotal yet challenging process due to the near-infinitely large chemical space and notorious demands on time and resources. Numerous generative models have recently been introduced to accelerate the drug…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Shitong Luo , Wenhao Gao , Zuofan Wu , Jian Peng , Connor W. Coley , Jianzhu Ma