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The spherical proportional counter is a large volume gaseous detector which finds application in several fields, including direct Dark Matter searches. When the detector is filled with nitrogen it becomes an effective neutron spectrometer…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-02-14 I. Giomataris , S. Green , I. Katsioulas , P. Knights , I. Manthos , T. Neep , K. Nikolopoulos , T. Papaevangelou , B. Phoenix , J. Sanders , R. Ward

The Spherical Proportional Counter is a novel type of radiation detector, with a low energy threshold (typically below 100 eV) and good energy resolution. This detector is being developed by the network NEWS, which includes several…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-01-09 F. J. Iguaz , A. Rodriguez , J. F. Castel , I. G. Irastorza

Elucidating the nature of dark matter is a key priority that would involve discovering new fundamental physics and is essential for understanding the structure and evolution of the universe. Despite the decades-long ever-more-sensitive…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-07-03 Patrick Knights , Konstantinos Nikolopoulos

A novel large volume spherical proportional counter, recently developed, is used for neutron measurements. Gas mixtures of $N_{2}$ with $C_{2}H_{6}$ and pure $N_{2}$ are studied for thermal and fast neutron detection, providing a new way…

Spherical proportional counters (SPCs) are gaseous particle detectors sensitive to single ionization electrons in their target media, with large detector volumes and low background rates. The $\mbox{NEWS-G}$ collaboration employs this…

Geant4, the leading detector simulation toolkit used in high energy physics, employs a set of physics models to simulate interactions of particles with matter across a wide range of energies. These models, especially the hadronic ones, rely…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2023-09-25 Krzysztof Genser , Soon Yung Jun , Alberto Ribon , Vladimir Uzhinsky , Julia Yarba

A Geant4-based Python/C++ simulation and coding framework, which has been developed and used in order to aid the R&D efforts for thermal neutron detectors at neutron scattering facilities, is described. Built upon configurable geometry and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2014-07-24 Thomas Kittelmann , Irina Stefanescu , Kalliopi Kanaki , Mirko Boin , Richard Hall-Wilton , Karl Zeitelhack

Precise in-situ measurements of the neutron flux in underground laboratories is crucial for direct dark matter searches, as neutron induced backgrounds can mimic the typical dark matter signal. The development of a novel neutron…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-12-21 I. Giomataris , S. Green , I. Katsioulas , P. Knights , I. Manthos , J. Matthews , T. Neep , K. Nikolopoulos , T. Papaevangelou , B. Phoenix , J. Sanders , R. Ward

Neutron spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for many scientific and industrial applications, including underground Dark Matter searches. Neutron-induced backgrounds produced by cosmic ray muons and the cavern radioactivity can mimic the…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-11-09 I. Giomataris , I. Katsioulas , P. Knights , I. Manthos , T. Neep , K. Nikolopoulos , T. Papaevangelou , R. Ward

The Spherical gaseous detector (or Spherical Proportional Counter, SPC) has a broad range of applications. In this work, we will focus on the light WIMP Dark Matter particle search, that is, below a few GeV. The NEWS-G collaboration…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-03-18 Ali Dastgheibi-Fard , Gilles Geribier

Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM)-based detectors using a layer of 10B as a neutron converter is becoming popular for thermal neutron detection. A common strategy to simulate this kind of detector is based on two frameworks: Geant4 and…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-12-21 R. Felix dos Santos , M. G. Munhoz , M. Moralles , L. A. Serra Filho , M. Bregant , F. A. Souza

The energy deposition spectra of $^{37}$Ar and $^{71}$Ge in a miniature proportional counter are measured and compared in detail to the model response simulated with Geant4. A certain modification of the Geant4 code, making it possible to…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-03-03 D. N Abdurashitov , Yu. M Malyshkin , V. L. Matushko , B. Suerfu

In this paper, we report on a tabletop experiment studying neutron scattering in a Spherical Proportional Counter using an Am-Be source. Systematic studies were carried out to investigate the effect of gas mixture, pressure, operating…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-02-15 N. Panchal , L. Balogh , J. -F. Caron , G. Giroux , P. Gros

The Spherical gaseous detector (or Spherical Proportional Counter, SPC) is a novel type of par- ticle detector, with a broad range of applications. Its main features include a very low energy threshold independent of the volume (due to its…

The spherical proportional counter is a versatile gaseous detector with physics applications ranging from rare event searches to fast neutron spectroscopy. In its simplest form, the detector operates with a single channel read-out, and uses…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-11-22 I. Katsioulas , P. Knights , I. Manthos , J. Matthews , T. Neep , K. Nikolopoulos , R. Ward

Position sensitive detectors based on gaseous scintillation proportional counters with Anger-type readout are being used in several research areas such as neutron detection, search for dark matter and neutrinoless double beta decay. Design…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-01-20 L. Pereira , L. M. S. Margato , A. Morozov , V. Solovov , F. A. F. Fraga

The Generic Geant4 Simulation (GGS) is a package designed to speed-up the realization and deployment of Monte Carlo simulation software based on Geant4, for small- and medium-sized high-energy experiments. For many common use cases, the…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2021-04-22 Nicola Mori

A new type of radiation detector based on a spherical geometry is presented. The detector consists of a large spherical gas volume with a central electrode forming a radial electric field. Charges deposited in the conversion volume drift to…

The Geant4 toolkit is used extensively in high energy physics to simulate the passage of particles through matter and to predict effects such as detector efficiencies and smearing. Geant4 uses many underlying models to predict particle…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-06-17 V. Elvira , L. Fields , K. L. Genser , R. Hatcher , V. Ivanchenko , M. Kelsey , T. Koi , G. N. Perdue , A. Ribon , V. Uzhinsky , D. H. Wright , J. Yarba , S. Y. Jun

For several years, attempts have been made to interface Geant4 and other software packages with the aim of simulating the complete response of a gaseous particle detector. In such a simulation, Geant4 is always responsible for the primary…

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