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We propose a time-space discretization scheme for quasi-linear parabolic PDEs. The algorithm relies on the theory of fully coupled forward--backward SDEs, which provides an efficient probabilistic representation of this type of equation.…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-16 François Delarue , Stéphane Menozzi

Neural Stochastic Differential Equations (NSDEs) model the drift and diffusion functions of a stochastic process as neural networks. While NSDEs are known to make accurate predictions, their uncertainty quantification properties have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Andreas Look , Melih Kandemir , Barbara Rakitsch , Jan Peters

We introduce the deep multi-FBSDE method for robust approximation of coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs), focusing on cases where the deep BSDE method of Han, Jentzen, and E (2018) fails to converge. To…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-06-03 Kristoffer Andersson , Adam Andersson , Cornelis W. Oosterlee

We obtain existence and uniqueness in L^p, p>1 of the solutions of a backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs for short) driven by a marked point process, on a bounded interval. We show that the solution of the BSDE can be…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-12-04 Fulvia Confortola

We examine gradient descent on unregularized logistic regression problems, with homogeneous linear predictors on linearly separable datasets. We show the predictor converges to the direction of the max-margin (hard margin SVM) solution. The…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-29 Daniel Soudry , Elad Hoffer , Mor Shpigel Nacson , Suriya Gunasekar , Nathan Srebro

We consider the ill-posed inverse problem of identifying a nonlinearity in a time-dependent PDE model. The nonlinearity is approximated by a neural network, and needs to be determined alongside other unknown physical parameters and the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Barbara Kaltenbacher , Tram Thi Ngoc Nguyen

Segmentation of microscopy images constitutes an ill-posed inverse problem due to measurement noise, weak object boundaries, and limited labeled data. Although deep neural networks provide flexible nonparametric estimators, unconstrained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Seema K. Poudel , Sunny K. Khadka

The method of regularized stokeslets is extensively used in biological fluid dynamics due to its conceptual simplicity and meshlessness. This simplicity carries a degree of cost in computational expense and accuracy because the number of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-02-14 David J. Smith

We consider the problem of denoising with the help of prior information taken from a database of clean signals or images. Denoising with variational methods is very efficient if a regularizer well adapted to the nature of the data is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Hui Shi , Yann Traonmilin , J-F Aujol

Recently proposed numerical algorithms for solving high-dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) based on neural networks have shown their remarkable performance. We review some of them and study their convergence…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-09-17 Maximilien Germain , Huyen Pham , Xavier Warin

We consider a class of backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) with singular terminal condition and develop a numerical scheme to approximate their solution. To this end, we extend an asymptotic development of the BSDE solution…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Thomas Kruse , Julia Ackermann , Alexandre Popier

A backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) is an SDE of the form $-dY_t = f(t,Y_t,Z_t)dt - Z_t^*dW_t;\ Y_T = \xi$. The subject of BSDEs has seen extensive attention since their introduction in the linear case by Bismut (1973) and in…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-12-13 Weiye Yang

Conditional stochastic optimization covers a variety of applications ranging from invariant learning and causal inference to meta-learning. However, constructing unbiased gradient estimators for such problems is challenging due to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-04 Yifan Hu , Siqi Zhang , Xin Chen , Niao He

The recently introduced DeepONet operator-learning framework for PDE control is extended from the results for basic hyperbolic and parabolic PDEs to an advanced hyperbolic class that involves delays on both the state and the system output…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-17 Jie Qi , Jing Zhang , Miroslav Krstic

This letter investigates the convergence and concentration properties of the Stochastic Mirror Descent (SMD) algorithm utilizing biased stochastic subgradients. We establish the almost sure convergence of the algorithm's iterates under the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Anik Kumar Paul , Arun D Mahindrakar , Rachel K Kalaimani

In this paper we analyze the behaviour of the stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a widely used method in supervised learning for optimizing neural network weights via a minimization of non-convex loss functions. Since the pioneering work of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Davide Barbieri , Matteo Bonforte , Peio Ibarrondo

It is well-known that decision-making problems from stochastic control can be formulated by means of a forward-backward stochastic differential equation (FBSDE). Recently, the authors of Ji et al. 2022 proposed an efficient deep learning…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-01 Zhipeng Huang , Balint Negyesi , Cornelis W. Oosterlee

Backward stochastic differential equation (BSDE) provides probabilistic solutions for a class of parabolic partial differential equations (PDEs). DeepBSDE and FBSNN are two deep learning approaches for solving high-dimensional PDEs through…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-29 Zhao Zhang , Zhuopeng Hou

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been a go-to algorithm for nonconvex stochastic optimization problems arising in machine learning. Its theory however often requires a strong framework to guarantee convergence properties. We hereby…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Azar Louzi

We present a coupled system of ODEs which, when discretized with a constant time step/learning rate, recovers Nesterov's accelerated gradient descent algorithm. The same ODEs, when discretized with a decreasing learning rate, leads to novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-09-02 Maxime Laborde , Adam M. Oberman