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The relativistic time dilatation effect and Einstein's second postulate of special relativity are used to analyse train/embankment thought expriments, both Einstein's original one, and an extension where observers on two trains moving at…

General Physics · Physics 2009-09-01 J. H. Field

It is a little known fact that while he was developing his theory of general relativity, Einstein's initial idea was a variable speed of light theory. Indeed space-time curvature can be mimicked by a speed of light $c(r)$ that depends on…

General Physics · Physics 2015-03-31 Alexander Unzicker , Jan Preuss

We prove global stability of Minkowski space for the Einstein vacuum equations in harmonic (wave) coordinate gauge for the set of restricted data coinciding with Schwartzschild solution in the neighborhood of space-like infinity. The result…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2011-04-21 Hans Lindblad , Igor Rodnianski

Einstein's equations in matter are gravitational analogues of Maxwell's equations in matter, providing an effective classical description of gravitational fields. We derive Einstein's equations in matter for relativistic fluids, and use…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-29 Pavel Kovtun , Ashish Shukla

This research is an extension of the author's article \cite{zar}, in which conformally invariant generalization of string theory was suggested to higher-dimensional objects. Special cases of the proposed theory are Einstein's theory of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-13 Farkhat Zaripov

Assuming a model of aether non-entrained by the motion of celestial bodies, one can provide a rational explanation of the experimental processes affecting the measurement of time when clocks are in motion. Contrary to special relativity,…

General Physics · Physics 2008-12-14 Joseph Levy

The relativity of simultaneity implies that the image of a Lorentz transformed (LT) spherical (circular) wavefront is not a spherical (circular) wavefront (Einstein 1905) but an ellipsoidal (elliptical) wavefront (Moreau, Am.J.of Phys).We…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Dr Yves Pierseaux

A detailed re-examination of the seminal paper on special relativity, taking into account recent work on the physical interpretation of the space-time Lorentz transformation as well as the modern understanding of classical elecromagnetism…

General Physics · Physics 2011-11-04 J. H. Field

In Einstein's general relativity, with its nonlinear field equations, the discoveries and analyzes of various specific explicit solutions made a great impact on understanding many of the unforeseen features of the theory. Some solutions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Jiri Bicak

The definition of invariant time is fundamental to relativistic symmetry. Invariant time may be formulated as a degenerate orthogonal metric on a flat phase space with time, position, energy and momentum degrees of freedom that is also…

General Physics · Physics 2021-05-11 Stephen G. Low

Einstein, in his "Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Korper", gave a physical (operational) meaning to "time" of a remote event in describing "motion" by introducing the concept of "synchronous stationary clocks located at different places". But…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 S. D. Agashe

We propose a reformulation of general relativity by making the Abelian decomposition of Einstein's theory. Based on the view that Einstein's theory can be interpreted as a gauge theory of Lorentz group, we decompose the Einstein's…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-11-09 Y. M. Cho , Sang-Woo Kim , J. H. Kim

An action principle of singular hypersurfaces in general relativity and scalar-tensor type theories of gravity in the Einstein frame is presented without assuming any symmetry. The action principle is manifestly doubly covariant in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 Shinji Mukohyama

The historical and conceptual foundations of General Relativity are revisited, putting the main focus on the physical meaning of the invariant ds, the Equivalence Principle, and the precise interpretation of spacetime geometry. It is argued…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 Jaume de Haro , Emilio Elizalde

I propose an alternative, purely kinematical, derivation of Einstein's Doppler formula. It is valid for periodic signals of any shape that propagate with the velocity of light. The formula is asymptotic in a parameter proportional to the…

General Physics · Physics 2009-02-09 Jean Reignier

It is known that Einstein's conceptual base for his theory of relativity was the philosophy formulated by Immanuel Kant. Things appear differently to observers in different frames. However, Kant's Ding-an-Sich leads to the existence of the…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-01-28 Y. S. Kim

Several versions of the Gravitational Time Dilation effect of General Relativity are formulated by the use of Einstein's Equivalence Principle. It is shown that all of them are logical consequence of a first-order axiom system of Special…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-09-19 Judit X. Madarasz , Istvan Nemeti , Gergely Szekely

Einstein's General theory of relativity permits spacetime singularities, where null geodesic congruences focus in the presence of matter, which satisfies an appropriate energy condition. In this paper, we provide a minimal defocusing…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-01-18 Aindriú Conroy , Alexey S. Koshelev , Anupam Mazumdar

Einstein's equations for general relativity, when viewed as a dynamical system for evolving initial data, have a serious flaw: they cannot be proven to be well-posed (except in special coordinates). That is, they do not produce unique…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-08-27 Arlen Anderson , James W. York,

Lorentz [of the Lorentz transforms and Lorentz contractions fame] contended against Einstein that there had to be a medium in which electro-magnetic waves exist and propagate, and that that would of necessity be an absolute frame of…

General Physics · Physics 2007-12-03 Roger Ellman