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Self-recognition or self-awareness is a capacity attributed typically only to humans and few other species. The definitions of these concepts vary and little is known about the mechanisms behind them. However, there is a Turing test-like…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-02-08 Matej Hoffmann , Shengzhi Wang , Vojtech Outrata , Elisabet Alzueta , Pablo Lanillos

Observing that the creation of certain types of artistic artifacts necessitate intelligence, we present the Lovelace 2.0 Test of creativity as an alternative to the Turing Test as a means of determining whether an agent is intelligent. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-12-23 Mark O. Riedl

This study aims to evaluate machine intelligence through artistic creativity by employing a modified version of the Turing Test inspired by Lady Lovelace. It investigates two hypotheses: whether human judges can reliably distinguish…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Ewelina Gajewska

This paper proposes to revisit the Turing test through the concept of normality. Its core argument is that the Turing test is a test of normal intelligence as assessed by a normal judge. First, in the sense that the Turing test targets…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Alexandre Kabbach

In a 1950 article in Mind, decades before the existence of anything resembling an artificial intelligence system, Alan Turing addressed the question of how to test whether machines can think, or in modern terminology, whether a computer…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-11-11 David Harel

The Turing Test is no longer adequate for distinguishing human and machine intelligence. With advanced artificial intelligence systems already passing the original Turing Test and contributing to serious ethical and environmental concerns,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Adam Winchell

Self/other distinction and self-recognition are important skills for interacting with the world, as it allows humans to differentiate own actions from others and be self-aware. However, only a selected group of animals, mainly high order…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-14 Pablo Lanillos , Jordi Pages , Gordon Cheng

The relation between self awareness and intelligence is an open problem these days. Despite the fact that self awarness is usually related to Emotional Intelligence, this is not the case here. The problem described in this paper is how to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-06-30 Nicolaie Popescu-Bodorin , Valentina E. Balas

As AI becomes increasingly embedded in daily life, ascertaining whether an agent is human is critical. We systematically benchmark AI's ability to imitate humans in three language tasks (image captioning, word association, conversation) and…

The pursuit of human-like conversational agents has long been guided by the Turing test. For modern speech-to-speech (S2S) systems, a critical yet unanswered question is whether they can converse like humans. To tackle this, we conduct the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xiang Li , Jiabao Gao , Sipei Lin , Xuan Zhou , Chi Zhang , Bo Cheng , Jiale Han , Benyou Wang

In his seminal paper ``Computing Machinery and Intelligence'', Alan Turing introduced the ``imitation game'' as part of exploring the concept of machine intelligence. The Turing Test has since been the subject of much analysis, debate,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-03 David Harel , Assaf Marron

In the animal kingdom, mirror self-recognition is a canonical probe of higher-order cognition, emerging only in some species. We ask whether an analogous functional capability emerges in embodied vision-language model (VLM) agents: can they…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Filippo Ziliotto , Ciro Beneduce , Bruno Lepri , Luciano Serafini , Massimiliano Luca , Tommaso Campari

This paper aims to question the suitability of the Turing Test, for testing machine intelligence, in the light of advances made in the last 60 years in science, medicine, and philosophy of mind. While the main concept of the test may seem…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Aladdin Ayesh

The Turing test may or may not be a valid test of machine intelligence. But in an age of generative AI, the test describes the positions we humans occupy. Judging whether or not something is human or machine produced is an everyday…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Samuel Gerald Collins

Generative AI techniques have opened the path for new generations of machines in diverse domains. These machines have various capabilities for example, they can produce images, generate answers or stories, and write codes based on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Nitisha Aggarwal , Geetika Jain Saxena , Sanjeev Singh , Amit Pundir

The goal of building dialogue agents that can converse with humans naturally has been a long-standing dream of researchers since the early days of artificial intelligence. The well-known Turing Test proposed to judge the ultimate validity…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Tom Young

We propose an approach to test embodied AI agents for interaction awareness and believability, particularly in scenarios where humans push them to their limits. Turing introduced the Imitation Game as a way to explore the question: "Can…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Chuxuan Zhang , Yasaman Etesam , Angelica Lim

What makes an artificial system a good model of intelligence? The classical test proposed by Alan Turing focuses on behavior, requiring that an artificial agent's behavior be indistinguishable from that of a human. While behavioral…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-27 Jenelle Feather , Meenakshi Khosla , N. Apurva Ratan Murty , Aran Nayebi

The world has seen the emergence of machines based on pretrained models, transformers, also known as generative artificial intelligences for their ability to produce various types of content, including text, images, audio, and synthetic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Bernardo Gonçalves

The maturation of cognition, from introspection to understanding others, has long been a hallmark of human development. This position paper posits that for AI systems to truly emulate or approach human-like interactions, especially within…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Jasmine A. Berry
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