Related papers: Ternary arithmetic, factorization, and the class n…
This is the first of series of talks presented at a permanent Rutgers workshop on noncommutative algebra and geometry. We study here quadratic and quadratic-linear algebras defined by factorizations of noncommutative polynomials and…
In this note, we give an elementary proof of the following classical fact. Any positive definite ternary quadratic form over the rational numbers fails to represent infinitely many positive integers. For any ternary quadratic form (positive…
The roots of -1 in the set of biquaternions (quaternions with complex components, or complex numbers with quaternion real and imaginary parts) are studied and it is shown that there is an infinite number of non-trivial complexified…
While it is trivial to multiply two C-finite sequences (just like integers), it is not quite so trivial to "factorize" them, or to decide whether they are "prime". The former is plain linear algebra, while the latter is heavy-duty…
A well studied problem in algebraic complexity theory is the determination of the complexity of problems relying on evaluations of bilinear maps. One measure of the complexity of a bilinear map (or 3-tensor) is the optimal number of…
The relations between solutions of the three types of totally linear partial differential equations of first order are presented. The approach is based on factorization of a non-homogeneous first order differential operator to products…
For certain problems involving vector fields, it is possible to find an associated imaginary field that, in conjunction with the first, forms a complex field for which the equation can be solved. This result is generalized to arbitrary…
We show the 3 by 3 magic square of squares problem equivalent to solving quartic polynomials with certain factorization constraints over an abelian extension of the rationals. We analyze a particular case in which said extension is assumed…
Since the beginning of the quest of hypercomplex numbers in the late eighteenth century, many hypercomplex number systems have been proposed but none of them succeeded in extending the concept of complex numbers to higher dimensions. This…
Those lectures revolve around the following problem: given a system of n real polynomials in n variables, count the number of real roots. The first lecture is a course on Newton iteration and alpha-theory. The second describes an…
A factorization of a permutation into transpositions is called "primitive" if its factors are weakly ordered. We discuss the problem of enumerating primitive factorizations of permutations, and its place in the hierarchy of previously…
There are two well-known ways of doing arithmetic with ordinal numbers: the "ordinary" addition, multiplication, and exponentiation, which are defined by transfinite iteration; and the "natural" (or Hessenberg) addition and multiplication…
A natural definition of the product of infinite matrices mimics the usual formulation of multiplication of finite matrices with the caveat (in the absence of any sense of convergence) that the intersection of the support of each row of the…
Number theory is considered, by proposing quantum mechanical models and string-like models at zero and finite temperatures, where the factorization of number into prime numbers is viewed as the decay of particle into elementary particles…
We discuss certain ternary algebraic structures appearing more or less naturally in various domains of theoretical and mathematical physics. Far from being exhaustive, this article is intended above all to draw attention to these algebras,…
Under the fundamental theorem of arithmetic, any integer $n>1$ can be uniquely written as a product of prime powers $p^a$; factoring each exponent $a$ as a product of prime powers $q^b$, and so on, one will obtain what is called the tower…
We consider a Bertrand type estimate for primes splitting completely. As one of its applications, we show the finiteness of trivial solutions of Diophantine equation about the factorial function over number fields except for the case the…
We investigate bicomplex analogues of fundamental notions from classical algebraic number theory. In particular, we show that the primitive element theorem admits a natural generalization to bicomplex extensions, giving rise to two distinct…
In this paper, we study a special kind of factorization of $x^n+1$ over $\mathbb{F}_q, $ with $q$ a prime power $\equiv 3~({\rm mod}~4)$ when $n=2p,$ with $p\equiv 3~({\rm mod}~4)$ and $p$ is a prime. Given such a $q$ infinitely many such…
We show that the classical algebra of quaternions is a commutative $\Z_2\times\Z_2\times\Z_2$-graded algebra. A similar interpretation of the algebra of octonions is impossible.