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We show that the 2-abelian complexity of the infinite Thue-Morse word is 2-regular, and other properties of the 2-abelian complexity, most notably that it is a concatenation of palindromes of increasing length. We also show sharp bounds for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-03 Florian Greinecker

If an infinite non-periodic word is uniformly recurrent or is of bounded repetition, then the limit of its periodicity complexity is infinity. Moreover, there are uniformly recurrent words with the periodicity complexity arbitrarily high at…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Štěpán Holub

We develop and explore the idea of recognition of languages (in the general sense of subsets of topological algebras) as preimages of clopen sets under continuous homomorphisms into Stone topological algebras. We obtain an Eilenberg…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jorge Almeida , Ondřej Klíma

We suggest a new point of view on de Bruijn graphs and their subgraphs based on using circular words rather than linear ones.

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-12-05 Vadim A. Kaimanovich

In this paper, we construct a uniformely recurrent infinite word of low complexity without uniform frequencies of letters. This shows the optimality of a bound of Boshernitzan, which gives a sufficient condition for a uniformly recurrent…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2022-10-06 Julien Cassaigne , Idrissa Kaboré

Using a new approach based on automatic sequences, logic, and a decision procedure, we reprove some old theorems about circularly squarefree words and unbordered conjugates in a new and simpler way. Furthermore, we prove three new results…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-04-18 Trevor Clokie , Daniel Gabric , Jeffrey Shallit

We show that, with the exception of the words $a^2ba^2$ and $b^2ab^2$, all (finite or infinite) binary patterns in the Prouhet-Thue-Morse sequence can actually be found in that sequence as segments (up to exchange of letters in the infinite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Jorge Almeida , Ondřej Klíma

We prove that every concatenation of $10$ or more binary squares contains an overlap. The bound $10$ is best possible. In contrast, over a ternary alphabet, there are infinitely long overlap-free words that consist of a concatenation of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Jeffrey Shallit

We prove a converse theorem for split even special orthogonal groups over finite fields. This is the only case left on converse theorems of split classical groups and the difficulty is the existence of the outer automorphism. In this paper,…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Alexander Hazeltine , Baiying Liu

Two finite words $u$ and $v$ are called abelian equivalent if each letter occurs equally many times in both $u$ and $v$. The abelian closure $\mathcal{A}(\mathbf{x})$ of an infinite word $\mathbf{x}$ is the set of infinite words…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Juhani Karhumäki , Svetlana Puzynina , Markus A. Whiteland

Abductive explanations (AXp's) are widely used for understanding decisions of classifiers. Existing definitions are suitable when features are independent. However, we show that ignoring constraints when they exist between features may lead…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-19 Martin Cooper , Leila Amgoud

We introduce a class of sets of words which is a natural common generalization of Sturmian sets and of interval exchange sets. This class of sets consists of the uniformly recurrent tree sets, where the tree sets are defined by a condition…

A word over an ordered alphabet is said to be clustering if identical letters appear adjacently in its Burrows-Wheeler transform. Such words are strictly related to (discrete) interval exchange transformations. We use an extended version of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Francesco Dolce , Christian B. Hughes

A square is the concatenation of a nonempty word with itself. A word has period p if its letters at distance p match. The exponent of a nonempty word is the quotient of its length over its smallest period. In this article we give a proof of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-07-25 Golnaz Badkobeh , Maxime Crochemore

The distributions of the number of occurrences of words (the distributions of words for short) play key roles in information theory, statistics, probability theory, ergodic theory, computer science, and DNA analysis. Bassino et al. 2010 and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-16 Hayato Takahashi

Generalizing the notion of split graphs to uniform hypergraphs, we prove that the class of these hypergraphs can be characterized by a finite list of excluded induced subhypergraphs. We show that a characterization by generalized degree…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-11 Adam Timar

We consider cut-elimination in the sequent calculus for classical first-order logic. It is well known that this system, in its most general form, is neither confluent nor strongly normalizing. In this work we take a coarser (and…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-03-27 Stefan Hetzl , Lutz Straßburger

Two words $p$ and $q$ are avoided by the same number of length-$n$ words, for all $n$, precisely when $p$ and $q$ have the same set of border lengths. Previous proofs of this theorem use generating functions but do not provide an explicit…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-04 Julia Carrigan , Isaiah Hollars , Eric Rowland

Circular words are cyclically ordered finite sequences of letters. We give a computer-free proof of the following result by Currie: square-free circular words over the ternary alphabet exist for all lengths $l$ except for 5, 7, 9, 10, 14,…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2010-10-26 Arseny M. Shur

Brlek and Reutenauer conjectured that any infinite word u with language closed under reversal satisfies the equality 2D(u)=\sum_{n=0}^{\infty} T(n) in which D(u) denotes the defect of u and T(n) denotes C(n+1)-C(n)+2-P(n+1)-P(n), where C…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-02-05 Lubomira Balkova , Edita Pelantova , Stepan Starosta
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