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The Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model is one of the most widely-used approaches to seismic forecasting. However most studies of ETAS use point estimates for the model parameters, which ignores the inherent uncertainty that…

Applications · Statistics 2021-09-14 Gordon J Ross

The spatio-temporal Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model is widely used to describe the self-exciting nature of earthquake occurrences. While traditional inference methods provide only point estimates of the model parameters, we…

Earthquakes in seismological catalogs and acoustic emission events in lab experiments can be statistically described as a linear Hawkes point process, where the spatio-temporal rate of events is a linear superposition of background…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-05-05 Jordi Baró

Hawkes process is one of the most commonly used models for investigating the self-exciting nature of earthquake occurrences. However, seismicity patterns have complicated characteristics due to heterogeneous geology and stresses, for which…

Applications · Statistics 2023-02-15 Junhyeon Kwon , Yingcai Zheng , Mikyoung Jun

The Hawkes process is a versatile stochastic model for point patterns that exhibit self-excitation, that is, the property that an event occurrence increases the rate of occurrence for some period of time in the future. We present a Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-01 Hyotae Kim , Athanasios Kottas

As part of an effort to develop a systematic methodology for earthquake forecasting, we use a simple model of seismicity based on interacting events which may trigger a cascade of earthquakes, known as the Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-24 A. Helmstetter , D. Sornette

Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) models are point processes that have found prominence in seismological modeling. Its success has led to the development of a number of different versions of the ETAS model. Among these extensions is…

Applications · Statistics 2022-07-06 Tom Stindl , Feng Chen

Most point process models for earthquakes currently in the literature assume the magnitude distribution is i.i.d. potentially hindering the ability of the model to describe the main features of data sets containing multiple earthquake…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-13 Louis Davis , Boris Baeumer , Ting Wang

Performing Bayesian inference for the Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model of earthquakes typically requires MCMC sampling using the likelihood function or estimating the latent branching structure. These tasks have computational…

Applications · Statistics 2024-05-29 Samuel Stockman , Daniel J. Lawson , Maximilian J. Werner

This article proposes a spatiotemporal point process model that enhances the classical Epidemic-Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model by incorporating a renewal main-shock arrival process, which we term the renewal ETAS (RETAS) model. This…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-16 Tom Stindl , Feng Chen

The ETAS model is widely employed to model the spatio-temporal distribution of earthquakes, generally using spatially invariant parameters. We propose an efficient method for the estimation of spatially varying parameters, using the…

Geophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Shyam Nandan , Guy Ouillon , Stefan Wiemer , Didier Sornette

A prominent feature of earthquakes is their empirical laws including memory (clustering) in time and space. Several earthquake forecasting models, like the EpidemicType Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model, were developed based on earthquake…

The spatio-temporal properties of seismicity give us incisive insight into the stress state evolution and fault structures of the crust. Empirical models based on self-exciting point-processes continue to provide an important tool for…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-03-01 Jack B. Muir , Zachary E. Ross

The ETAS models are currently the most popular in the field of earthquake forecasting. The MCMC method is time-consuming and limited by parameter correlation while bringing parameter uncertainty. The INLA-based method "inlabru" solves these…

Applications · Statistics 2025-10-17 Ziwen Zhong

This paper extends the existing fractional Hawkes process to better model mainshock-aftershock sequences of earthquakes. The fractional Hawkes process is a self-exciting point process model with temporal decay kernel being a Mittag-Leffler…

Applications · Statistics 2026-04-13 Louis Davis , Boris Baeumer , Ting Wang

The conditional intensity function of a point process is a useful tool for generating probability forecasts of earthquakes. The epidemic-type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model is defined by a conditional intensity function, and the…

Applications · Statistics 2014-12-08 Takao Kumazawa , Yosihiko Ogata

Point processes have been dominant in modeling the evolution of seismicity for decades, with the Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequence (ETAS) model being most popular. Recent advances in machine learning have constructed highly flexible point…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-10-04 Samuel Stockman , Daniel J. Lawson , Maximilian J. Werner

The epidemic-type aftershock sequence model (ETAS) is a simple stochastic process modeling seismicity, based on the two best-established empirical laws, the Omori law (power law decay ~1/t^{1+\theta} of seismicity after an earthquake) and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Helmstetter , D. Sornette

The Himalayan region, including Nepal, is prone to frequent and large earthquakes. Accurate forecasting of these earthquakes is crucial for minimizing loss of life and damage to infrastructure. In this study, we propose various time-scaled…

Applications · Statistics 2025-08-07 Agniva Das , Muralidharan K

The scientific process of earthquake forecasting involves estimating the probability and intensity of earthquakes in a specific area within a certain timeframe, based on seismic activity laws and observational data. Epidemic-Type Aftershock…

Geophysics · Physics 2023-10-05 Haoyuan Zhang , Shuya Ke , Wenqi Liu , Yongwen Zhang
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