English
Related papers

Related papers: A class of two-sample nonparametric statistics for…

200 papers

Applied researchers in biomedicine and related fields are often interested in estimating the causal effect of a treatment or intervention. Although randomized clinical trials are considered the gold standard for establishing causal effects,…

In comparative research on time-to-event data for two groups, when two survival curves cross each other, it may be difficult to use the log-rank test and hazard ratio (HR) to properly assess the treatment benefit. Our aim was to identify a…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-12-21 Xinghui Huang , Jingjing Lyu , Yawen Hou , Zheng Chen

We propose novel methodology for testing equality of model parameters between two high-dimensional populations. The technique is very general and applicable to a wide range of models. The method is based on sample splitting: the data is…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-01-17 Nicolas Städler , Sach Mukherjee

Scientists often need to analyze the samples in a study that responded to treatment in order to refine their hypotheses and find potential causal drivers of response. Natural variation in outcomes makes teasing apart responders from…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-14 Christopher Tosh , Boyuan Zhang , Wesley Tansey

This paper develops a novel nonparametric significance test based on a tailored nonparametric-type projected weighting function that exhibits appealing theoretical and numerical properties. We derive the asymptotic properties of the…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-02-18 Xiaojun Song , Jichao Yuan

A two-class mixture model, where the density of one of the components is known, is considered. We address the issue of the nonparametric adaptive estimation of the unknown probability density of the second component. We propose a randomly…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-08 Gaelle Chagny , Antoine Channarond , Van Ha Hoang , Angelina Roche

It has recently been shown that an unbinned distance-based statistic, the energy, can be used to construct an extremely powerful nonparametric multivariate two sample goodness-of-fit test. An extension to this method that makes it possible…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2011-10-11 Mike Williams

This paper studies binary logistic regression for rare events data, or imbalanced data, where the number of events (observations in one class, often called cases) is significantly smaller than the number of nonevents (observations in the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-02 HaiYing Wang

In observational studies of survival time featuring a binary time-dependent treatment, the hazard ratio (an instantaneous measure) is often used to represent the treatment effect. However, investigators are often more interested in the…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-05-21 Yun Li , Douglas E. Schaubel , Kevin He

Instrumental variable (IV) methods allow us the opportunity to address unmeasured confounding in causal inference. However, most IV methods are only applicable to discrete or continuous outcomes with very few IV methods for censored…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-30 Youjin Lee , Edward H. Kennedy , Nandita Mitra

A variety of problems in random-effects meta-analysis arise from the conventional $Q$ statistic, which uses estimated inverse-variance (IV) weights. In previous work on standardized mean difference and log-odds-ratio, we found superior…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-10-22 Elena Kulinskaya , David C. Hoaglin , Joseph Newman , Ilyas Bakbergenuly

The odds ratio measure is used in health and social surveys where the odds of a certain event is to be compared between two populations. It is defined using logistic regression, and requires that data from surveys are accompanied by their…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-07-01 C. Goga , A Ruiz-Gazen

Repeated observations have become increasingly common in biomedical research and longitudinal studies. For instance, wearable sensor devices are deployed to continuously track physiological and biological signals from each individual over…

Applications · Statistics 2021-06-25 Jingru Zhang , Kathleen R. Merikangas , Hongzhe Li , Haochang Shou

In epidemiological studies of time-to-event data, a quantity of interest to the clinician and the patient is the risk of an event given a covariate profile. However, methods relying on time matching or risk-set sampling (including Cox…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-09-23 Sahir Rai Bhatnagar , Maxime Turgeon , Jesse Islam , James A. Hanley , Olli Saarela

A Bayesian non-parametric framework for studying time-to-event data is proposed, where the prior distribution is allowed to depend on an additional random source, and may update with the sample size. Such scenarios are natural, for…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-06 Martin Bladt , Jorge González Cázares

The propensity score is widely used for causal inference in observational studies, but common parametric estimators can produce biased and inefficient effect estimates when model assumptions are violated. Nonparametric approaches reduce…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-09 Maosen Peng , Yan Li , Chong Wu , Liang Li

In observational studies with survival or time-to-event outcomes, a propensity score weighted marginal Cox proportional hazard model with the treatment variable as the only predictor is commonly used to estimate the causal marginal hazard…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-02 Zixian Zhao , Chengxin Yang , Fan Li

In epidemiological studies, participants' disease status is often collected through self-reported outcomes in place of formal medical tests due to budget constraints. However, self-reported outcomes are often subject to measurement errors,…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-21 Yujie Wu , Molin Wang

Propensity score weighting is an important tool for comparative effectiveness research.Besides the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPW), recent development has introduced a general class of balancing weights, corresponding to…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-05 Tianhui Zhou , Guangyu Tong , Fan Li , Laine E. Thomas , Fan Li

A regression method for proportional, or fractional, data with mixed effects is outlined, designed for analysis of datasets in which the outcomes have substantial weight at the bounds. In such cases a normal approximation is particularly…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-23 Colman Humphrey , Dan Swingley