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The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) has been suggested as a promising candidate for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems. Yet, whether - or under what conditions - it may offer an advantage compared to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-14 Vanessa Dehn , Martin Zaefferer , Gerhard Hellstern , Florentin Reiter , Thomas Wellens

Variational quantum algorithms, such as the Recursive Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (RQAOA), have become increasingly popular, offering promising avenues for employing Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum devices to address…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shuaiqun Pan , Yash J. Patel , Aneta Neumann , Frank Neumann , Thomas Bäck , Hao Wang

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading hybrid classical-quantum algorithm for solving complex combinatorial optimization problems. QAOA-in-QAOA (QAOA^2) uses a divide-and-conquer heuristic to solve large-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Aniello Esposito , Tamuz Danzig

Variational quantum algorithms, which consist of optimal parameterized quantum circuits, are promising for demonstrating quantum advantages in the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era. Apart from classical computational resources,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-30 Chen Qian , Wei-Feng Zhuang , Rui-Cheng Guo , Meng-Jun Hu , Dong E. Liu

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) exhibits significant potential for tackling combinatorial optimization problems. Despite its promise for near-term quantum devices, a major challenge in applying QAOA lies in the cost of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-23 Mingyou Wu , Hanwu Chen

Quantum approximate optimization algorithms are hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms designed to approximately solve combinatorial optimization problems such as the MAX-CUT problem. In spite of its potential for near-term quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-27 Eunok Bae , Soojoon Lee

In this work, we review quantum approaches to combinatorial optimization, with the aim of bridging theoretical developments and industrial relevance. We first survey the main families of quantum algorithms, including Quantum Annealing, the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Hala Hawashin , Deep Nath , Marco Alberto Javarone

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is an appealing proposal to solve NP problems on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) hardware. Making NISQ implementations of the QAOA resilient to noise requires short ansatz…

In the wake of quantum computing advancements and quantum algorithmic progress, quantum algorithms are increasingly being employed to address a myriad of combinatorial optimization problems. Among these, the Independent Domination Problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Haoqian Pan , Changhong Lu

Quantum algorithms for binary optimization problems have been the subject of extensive study. However, the application of quantum algorithms to integer optimization problems remains comparatively unexplored. In this paper, we study the…

Quantum computation appears to offer significant advantages over classical computation and this has generated a tremendous interest in the field. In this thesis we consider the application of quantum computers to scientific computing and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-10 Stuart Hadfield

We present new advances towards achieving exponential quantum speedups for solving optimization problems by low-depth quantum algorithms. Specifically, we focus on families of combinatorial optimization problems that exhibit symmetry and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-25 Ashley Montanaro , Leo Zhou

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm is commonly used to solve combinatorial optimization problems. While unconstrained problems map naturally into the algorithm, incorporating constraints typically requires penalizing constraint…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-01 Matthew Brunet , Shilpi Shah , Mostafa Atallah , Anthony Wilkie , Rebekah Herrman

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm, QAOA, uses a shallow depth quantum circuit to produce a parameter dependent state. For a given combinatorial optimization problem instance, the quantum expectation of the associated cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-12 Fernando G. S. L. Brandao , Michael Broughton , Edward Farhi , Sam Gutmann , Hartmut Neven

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm, also known in its generalization as the quantum alternating operator ansatz, (QAOA) is a heuristic hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for finding high-quality approximate solutions to…

Quantum devices use qubits to represent information, which allows them to exploit important properties from quantum physics, specifically superposition and entanglement. As a result, quantum computers have the potential to outperform the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-14 Abhijeet Ghoshal , Yan Li , Syam Menon , Sumit Sarkar

The present tutorial aims to provide a comprehensible and easily accessible introduction into the theory and implementation of the famous Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). We lay our focus on practical aspects and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-24 Andreas Sturm

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is one of the most promising candidates for achieving quantum advantage through quantum-enhanced combinatorial optimization. In a typical QAOA setup, a set of quantum circuit parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-15 Alexey Galda , Xiaoyuan Liu , Danylo Lykov , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) aims to solve discrete optimization problems by sampling bitstrings using a parameterized quantum circuit. The circuit parameters (angles) are optimized in the way that minimizes the cost…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-29 A. Yu. Chernyavskiy , B. I. Bantysh , Yu. I. Bogdanov

With the rapid advancement of quantum computing, Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is considered as a promising candidate to demonstrate quantum supremacy, which exponentially solves a class of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-11 Bo Yue , Shibei Xue , Yu Pan , Min Jiang , Daoyi Dong
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