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In this paper we explore a connection between certain Almost Perfect Nonlinear Functions (APN functions) and relative difference sets. In particular, we show that the image set of certain 2-to-1 APN functions is a relative difference set.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-12 Zeying Wang

APN functions play a fundamental role in cryptography against attacks on block ciphers. Several families of quadratic APN functions have been proposed in the recent years, whose construction relies on the existence of specific families of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-21 Daniele Bartoli , Marco Calderini , Olga Polverino , Ferdinando Zullo

A function $F:\mathbb{F}_2^n\rightarrow \mathbb{F}_2^n$, $n=2m$, can have at most $2^n-2^m$ bent component functions. Trivial examples are obtained as $F(x) = (f_1(x),\ldots,f_m(x),a_1(x),\ldots, a_m(x))$, where…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2020-10-09 Nurdagül Anbar , Tekgül Kalaycı , Wilfried Meidl , László Mérai

Permutation polynomials over finite fields are fundamental objects as they are used in various theoretical and practical applications in cryptography, coding theory, combinatorial design, and related topics. This family of polynomials…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Haode Yan , Sihem Mesnager , Xiantong Tan

Starting from PN functions, we introduce the concept of $k$-PN functions and classify $k$-PN monomials over finite fields of order $p, p^2$ and $p^4$ for small values of $k$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-25 Marco Pizzato

Two important problems on almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions are the enumeration and equivalence problems. In this paper, we solve these two problems for any biprojective APN function family by introducing a strong group theoretic…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Faruk Göloğlu , Lukas Kölsch

In the literature, there are many APN-like functions that generalize the APN properties or are similar to APN functions, e.g. locally-APN functions, 0-APN functions or those with boomerang uniformity 2. In this paper, we study the problem…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-09-28 Longjiang Qu , Kangquan Li

In 2020, Budaghyan, Helleseth and Kaleyski [IEEE TIT 66(11): 7081-7087, 2020] considered an infinite family of quadrinomials over $\mathbb{F}_{2^{n}}$ of the form $x^3+a(x^{2^s+1})^{2^k}+bx^{3\cdot 2^m}+c(x^{2^{s+m}+2^m})^{2^k}$, where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Lijing Zheng , Haibin Kan , Yanjun Li , Jie Peng , Deng Tang

In a recent work, Beierle, Brinkmann and Leander presented a recursive tree search for finding APN permutations with linear self-equivalences in small dimensions. In this paper, we describe how this search can be adapted to find many new…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Christof Beierle , Gregor Leander

The problem of finding APN permutations of ${\mathbb F}_{2^n}$ where $n$ is even and $n>6$ has been called the Big APN Problem. Li, Li, Helleseth and Qu recently characterized APN functions defined on ${\mathbb F}_{q^2}$ of the form…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Benjamin Chase , Petr Lisonek

Only three classes of Almost Perfect Nonlinear (for short, APN) power functions over odd characteristic finite fields have been investigated in the literature, and their differential spectra were determined. The differential uniformity of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-20 Haode Yan , Sihem Mesnager , Xiantong Tan

Generalized almost perfect nonlinear (GAPN) functions were defined to satisfy some generalizations of basic properties of almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions for even characteristic. In this paper, we study monomial GAPN functions for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-03 Masamichi Kuroda

We systematically analyze a class of hexanomial functions over finite fields of characteristic $2$ proposed by Dillon (2006) as candidates for almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions, significantly extending earlier partial-APN results.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Daniele Bartoli , Giovanni Giuseppe Grimaldi , Pantelimon Stanica

It is well known that a quadratic function defined on a finite field of odd degree is almost bent (AB) if and only if it is almost perfect nonlinear (APN). For the even degree case there is no apparent relationship between the values in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-12-01 Carl Bracken , Zhengbang Zha

A new family of commutative semifields with two parameters is presented. Its left and middle nucleus are both determined. Furthermore, we prove that for any different pairs of parameters, these semifields are not isotopic. It is also shown…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-04-16 Yue Zhou , Alexander Pott

Almost perfect nonlinear (APN) functions on finite fields of characteristic two have been studied by many researchers. Such functions have useful properties and applications in cryptography, finite geometries and so on. However APN…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-09 Masamichi Kuroda , Shuhei Tsujie

All almost perfect nonlinear (APN) permutations that we know to date admit a special kind of linear self-equivalence, i.e., there exists a permutation $G$ in their CCZ-equivalence class and two linear permutations $A$ and $B$, such that $G…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Christof Beierle , Marcus Brinkmann , Gregor Leander

The number of $n$-ary bent functions is less than $2^{3\cdot2^{n-3}(1+o(1))}$ as $n$ is even and $n\rightarrow\infty$. Keywords: Boolean function, bent function, upper bound

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Vladimir N. Potapov

An almost perfect nonlinear (APN) function (necessarily a polynomial function) on a finite field $\mathbb{F}$ is called exceptional APN, if it is also APN on infinitely many extensions of $\mathbb{F}$. In this article we consider the most…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-07-25 Moises Delgado , Heeralal Janwa

In this paper we compute the Fourier spectra of some recently discovered binomial APN functions. One consequence of this is the determination of the nonlinearity of the functions, which measures their resistance to linear cryptanalysis.…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2008-12-18 Carl Bracken , Eimear Byrne , Nadya Markin , Gary McGuire