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Parametric families in the centre ${\bf Z}({\bf C}[S_n])$ of the group algebra of the symmetric group are obtained by identifying the indeterminates in the generating function for Macdonald polynomials as commuting Jucys-Murphy elements.…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-01-30 J. Harnad

Multicurrent correlators associated to KP $\tau$-functions of hypergeometric type are used as generating functions for weighted Hurwitz numbers. These are expressed as formal Taylor series and used to compute generic, simple, rational and…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 M. Bertola , J. Harnad , B. Runov

Going beyond the studies of single and double Hurwitz numbers, we report some progress towards studying Hurwitz numbers which correspond to ramified coverings of the Riemann sphere involving three nonsimple branch points. We first prove a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-24 Ricky Xiao-Feng Chen

We introduce a family of polynomials, which arise in three distinct ways: in the large $N$ expansion of a matrix integral, as a weighted enumeration of factorisations of permutations, and via the topological recursion. More explicitly, we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-02 Xavier Coulter , Norman Do , Ellena Moskovsky

We experiment with some topics in elementary number theory. For matrices defined by Gaussian primes we observe a circular spectral law for the eigenvalues. We look at matrices defined by Gaussian primes and look at the growth of the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-06-21 Oliver Knill

In this paper, we collect a number of facts about double Hurwitz numbers, where the simple branch points are replaced by their more general analogues --- completed (r+1)-cycles. In particular, we give a geometric interpretation of these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-26 S. Shadrin , L. Spitz , D. Zvonkine

Hurwitz numbers count branched covers of the Riemann sphere with specified ramification, or equivalently, transitive permutation factorizations in the symmetric group with specified cycle types. Monotone Hurwitz numbers count a restricted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-15 I. P. Goulden , Mathieu Guay-Paquet , Jonathan Novak

We show the integrality of the simple Hurwitz numbers. The main tool is the cut-and-join operator, and our proof is a purely combinatorial one.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-18 Shintarou Yanagida

The Hurwitz form of a projective variety characterizes linear spaces of complementary dimension which meet the variety non-transversally. We extend this notion to varieties in a product of projective spaces. This parallels the multigraded…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Elizabeth Pratt , Luca Sodomaco , Bernd Sturmfels

Multiparametric families of hypergeometric $\tau$-functions of KP or Toda type serve as generating functions for weighted Hurwitz numbers, providing weighted enumerations of branched covers of the Riemann sphere. A graphical interpretation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-07-02 A. Alexandrov , G. Chapuy , B. Eynard , J. Harnad

Correlators in topological theories are given by the values of a linear form on the products of operators from a commutative associative algebra (CAA). As a corollary, partition functions of topological theory always satisfy the generalized…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 A. Mironov , A. Morozov , S. Natanzon

In this survey article we give an overview of how noncongruence modular curves can be viewed as Hurwitz moduli spaces of covers of elliptic curves at most branched above the origin. We describe some natural questions that arise, and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-15 William Y. Chen

In the past we have considered Gaussian random matrix ensembles in the presence of an external matrix source. The reason was that it allowed, through an appropriate tuning of the eigenvalues of the source, to obtain results on non-trivial…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-09-26 E. Brezin , S. Hikami

We derive a closed-form expression for all genus 1 Hurwitz numbers, and give a simple new graph-theoretic interpretation of Hurwitz numbers in genus 0 and 1. (Hurwitz numbers essentially count irreducible genus g covers of the sphere, with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Ravi Vakil

Given a polynomial \[ f(x)=a_0x^n+a_1x^{n-1}+\cdots +a_n \] with positive coefficients $a_k$, and a positive integer $M\leq n$, we define a(n infinite) generalized Hurwitz matrix $H_M(f):=(a_{Mj-i})_{i,j}$. We prove that the polynomial…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2016-08-05 Olga Holtz , Sergey Khrushchev , Olga Kushel

We study the topological, dynamical, and descriptive set theoretic properties of Hurwitz continued fractions. Hurwitz continued fractions associate an infinite sequence of Gaussian integers to every complex number which is not a Gaussian…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-30 Felipe García-Ramos , Gerardo González Robert , Mumtaz Hussain

Lattice gauge theories of permutation groups with a simple topological action (henceforth permutation-TFTs) have recently found several applications in the combinatorics of quantum field theories (QFTs). They have been used to solve…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-04-27 Joseph Ben Geloun , Sanjaye Ramgoolam

Analogue of classical Hurwitz numbers is defined in the work for regular coverings of surfaces with marked points by seamed surfaces. Class of surfaces includes surfaces of any genus and orientability, with or without boundaries; coverings…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2007-09-25 A. V. Alexeevski , S. M. Natanzon

We generalise well-known integrals of Ingham-Siegel and Fisher-Hartwig type over the unitary group $U(N)$ with respect to Haar measure, for finite $N$ and including fixed external matrices. When depending only on the eigenvalues of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2024-02-15 Gernot Akemann , Noah Aygün , Tim R. Würfel

We study a generalization of the Harish-Chandra - Itzykson - Zuber integral to tensors and its expansion over trace-invariants of the two external tensors. This gives rise to natural generalizations of monotone double Hurwitz numbers, which…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-25 Benoît Collins , Razvan Gurau , Luca Lionni