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Aiming to recover the data from several concurrent node failures, linear $r$-LRC codes with locality $r$ were extended into $(r, \delta)$-LRC codes with locality $(r, \delta)$ which can enable the local recovery of a failed node in case of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Li Xu , Zhengchun Zhou , Jun Zhang , Sihem Mesnager

Surface codes are generally studied based on the assumption that each of the qubits that make up the surface code lattice suffers noise that is independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). However, real benchmarks of the individual…

As the leading candidate of quantum error correction codes, surface code suffers from significant overhead, such as execution time. Reducing the circuit's execution time not only enhances its execution efficiency but also improves fidelity.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Mingzheng Zhu , Hao Fu , Jun Wu , Chi Zhang , Wei Xie , Xiang-Yang Li

The surface code, one of the leading candidates for quantum error correction, is known to protect encoded quantum information against stochastic, i.e., incoherent errors. The protection against coherent errors, such as from unwanted gate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-28 Jan Behrends , Benjamin Béri

Quantum error correction is needed for quantum computers to be capable of fault-tolerantly executing algorithms using hundreds of logical qubits. Recent experiments have demonstrated subthreshold error rates for state preservation of a…

$k$-uniform states are valuable resources in quantum information, enabling tasks such as teleportation, error correction, and accelerated quantum simulations. The practical realization of $k$-uniform states, at scale, faces major obstacles:…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Shayan Majidy , Dominik Hangleiter , Michael J. Gullans

A fault-tolerant quantum computer will be supported by a classical decoding system interfacing with quantum hardware to perform quantum error correction. It is important that the decoder can keep pace with the quantum clock speed, within…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-17 Samuel C. Smith , Benjamin J. Brown , Stephen D. Bartlett

Topological quantum error correcting codes have emerged as leading candidates towards the goal of achieving large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers. However, quantifying entanglement in these systems of large size in the presence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 David Amaro , Markus Müller , Amit Kumar Pal

The five-qubit quantum error correcting code encodes one logical qubit to five physical qubits, and protects the code from a single error. It was one of the first quantum codes to be invented, and various encoding circuits have been…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-09 Arijit Mondal , Keshab K. Parhi

In recent years, there have been many studies on local stabilizer codes. Under the assumption of translation and scale invariance Yoshida classified such codes. His result implies that translation invariant 2D color codes are equivalent to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-04-04 Arun B. Aloshious , Arjun Nitin Bhagoji , Pradeep Kiran Sarvepalli

Quantum simulations before fault tolerance suffer from the intrinsic noise present in quantum computers. In this regime, extracting meaningful results greatly benefits from stability against that noise. This stability, defined as an error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Guillermo González-García , Filippo Maria Gambetta , Raul A. Santos

We study the resources needed to construct topological 2D stabilizer codes as a way to estimate in part their efficiency and this leads us to perform a comparative study of surface codes and color codes. This study clarifies the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. Bombin , M. A. Martin-Delgado

Topological error correcting codes, and particularly the surface code, currently provide the most feasible roadmap towards large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computation. As such, obtaining fast and flexible decoding algorithms for these…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-12 Ryan Sweke , Markus S. Kesselring , Evert P. L. van Nieuwenburg , Jens Eisert

Current quantum technology is approaching the system sizes and fidelities required for quantum error correction. It is therefore important to determine exactly what is needed for proof-of-principle experiments, which will be the first major…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-04 James R. Wootton , Andreas Peter , Janos R. Winkler , Daniel Loss

Locally decodable channel codes form a special class of error-correcting codes with the property that the decoder is able to reconstruct any bit of the input message from querying only a few bits of a noisy codeword. It is well known that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-28 Ali Makhdoumi , Shao-Lun Huang , Muriel Medard , Yury Polyanskiy

This paper presents a unified analysis framework that captures recent advances in the study of local-optimality characterizations for codes on graphs. These local-optimality characterizations are based on combinatorial structures embedded…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-08-15 Guy Even , Nissim Halabi

An algorithm is presented for error correction in the surface code quantum memory. This is shown to correct depolarizing noise up to a threshold error rate of 18.5%, exceeding previous results and coming close to the upper bound of 18.9%.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-04 James R. Wootton , Daniel Loss

Locality-preserving logical operators in topological codes are naturally fault-tolerant, since they preserve the correctability of local errors. Using a correspondence between such operators and gapped domain walls, we describe a procedure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-26 Paul Webster , Stephen D. Bartlett

Structural and Positional Encodings can significantly improve the performance of Graph Neural Networks in downstream tasks. Recent literature has begun to systematically investigate differences in the structural properties that these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Lukas Fesser , Melanie Weber

The surface code is a spin-1/2 lattice system that can exhibit non-trivial topological order when defects are punctured in the lattice and thus can be used as a stabiliser code. The protocols developed to create defects in the system have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Omar Raii , Anirban Dey , Florian Mintert , Daniel Burgarth