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Clinical medical data, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU), consist of multivariate time series of observations. For each patient visit (or episode), sensor data and lab test results are recorded in the patient's Electronic Health…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-23 Zachary C. Lipton , David C. Kale , Charles Elkan , Randall Wetzel

We present a novel approach to online multi-target tracking based on recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Tracking multiple objects in real-world scenes involves many challenges, including a) an a-priori unknown and time-varying number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-12-08 Anton Milan , Seyed Hamid Rezatofighi , Anthony Dick , Ian Reid , Konrad Schindler

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have been widely used in many fields such as images processing, speech recognition; however, they are vulnerable to adversarial examples, and this is a security issue worthy of attention. Because the training…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-08-08 Wenjian Luo , Chenwang Wu , Nan Zhou , Li Ni

It is well known that deep neural networks (DNNs) are vulnerable to adversarial attacks, which are implemented by adding crafted perturbations onto benign examples. Min-max robust optimization based adversarial training can provide a notion…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-23 Shaokai Ye , Kaidi Xu , Sijia Liu , Jan-Henrik Lambrechts , Huan Zhang , Aojun Zhou , Kaisheng Ma , Yanzhi Wang , Xue Lin

Many of today's machine learning (ML) systems are built by reusing an array of, often pre-trained, primitive models, each fulfilling distinct functionality (e.g., feature extraction). The increasing use of primitive models significantly…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Yujie Ji , Xinyang Zhang , Shouling Ji , Xiapu Luo , Ting Wang

The multi-million dollar investment required for modern machine learning (ML) has made large ML models a prime target for theft. In response, the field of model stealing has emerged. Attacks based on physical side-channel information have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peter Horvath , Ilia Shumailov , Lukasz Chmielewski , Lejla Batina , Yuval Yarom

We study the problem of compressing recurrent neural networks (RNNs). In particular, we focus on the compression of RNN acoustic models, which are motivated by the goal of building compact and accurate speech recognition systems which can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Rohit Prabhavalkar , Ouais Alsharif , Antoine Bruguier , Ian McGraw

There exist several data-driven approaches that enable us model time series data including traditional regression-based modeling approaches (i.e., ARIMA). Recently, deep learning techniques have been introduced and explored in the context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-20 Saroj Gopali , Faranak Abri , Sima Siami-Namini , Akbar Siami Namin

Recent studies have demonstrated the vulnerability of recommender systems to data privacy attacks. However, research on the threat to model privacy in recommender systems, such as model stealing attacks, is still in its infancy. Some…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Zhihao Zhu , Rui Fan , Chenwang Wu , Yi Yang , Defu Lian , Enhong Chen

Model extraction is a major threat for embedded deep neural network models that leverages an extended attack surface. Indeed, by physically accessing a device, an adversary may exploit side-channel leakages to extract critical information…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Raphael Joud , Pierre-Alain Moellic , Simon Pontie , Jean-Baptiste Rigaud

Natural language processing (NLP) models have become increasingly popular in real-world applications, such as text classification. However, they are vulnerable to privacy attacks, including data reconstruction attacks that aim to extract…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Adel Elmahdy , Ahmed Salem

Machine learning (ML) models may be deemed confidential due to their sensitive training data, commercial value, or use in security applications. Increasingly often, confidential ML models are being deployed with publicly accessible query…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-10-04 Florian Tramèr , Fan Zhang , Ari Juels , Michael K. Reiter , Thomas Ristenpart

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have represented for years the state of the art in neural machine translation. Recently, new architectures have been proposed, which can leverage parallel computation on GPUs better than classical RNNs.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-14 Mattia Antonino Di Gangi , Marcello Federico

Large Language Models are typically trained on datasets collected from the web, which may inadvertently contain harmful or sensitive personal information. To address growing privacy concerns, unlearning methods have been proposed to remove…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiaoyu Wu , Yifei Pang , Terrance Liu , Zhiwei Steven Wu

The growing computational demand for deep neural networks ( DNNs) has raised concerns about their energy consumption and carbon footprint, particularly as the size and complexity of the models continue to increase. To address these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Hanene F. Z. Brachemi Meftah , Wassim Hamidouche , Sid Ahmed Fezza , Olivier Deforges

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), especially long short-term memory (LSTM) RNNs, are effective network for sequential task like speech recognition. Deeper LSTM models perform well on large vocabulary continuous speech recognition, because…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-03-22 Xu Tian , Jun Zhang , Zejun Ma , Yi He , Juan Wei , Peihao Wu , Wenchang Situ , Shuai Li , Yang Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved state of the art results and even outperformed human accuracy in many challenging tasks, leading to DNNs adoption in a variety of fields including natural language processing, pattern recognition,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mabel Ogonna , Abigail Adeniran , Adewale Adeyemo

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) have been shown to capture various aspects of syntax from raw linguistic input. In most previous experiments, however, learning happens over unrealistic corpora, which do not reflect the type and amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Ludovica Pannitto , Aurélie Herbelot

This is a tutorial paper on Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM), and their variants. We start with a dynamical system and backpropagation through time for RNN. Then, we discuss the problems of gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Benyamin Ghojogh , Ali Ghodsi

We study the problem of model extraction in natural language processing, in which an adversary with only query access to a victim model attempts to reconstruct a local copy of that model. Assuming that both the adversary and victim model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Kalpesh Krishna , Gaurav Singh Tomar , Ankur P. Parikh , Nicolas Papernot , Mohit Iyyer