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Diffusion models are state-of-the-art methods in generative modeling when samples from a target probability distribution are available, and can be efficiently sampled, using score matching to estimate score vectors guiding a Langevin…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-21 Omar Chehab , Anna Korba

Denoising diffusion models have proven to be a flexible and effective paradigm for generative modelling. Their recent extension to infinite dimensional Euclidean spaces has allowed for the modelling of stochastic processes. However, many…

Score-based diffusion modeling is a generative machine learning algorithm that can be used to sample from complex distributions. They achieve this by learning a score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-probability density of the data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Dibyajyoti Chakraborty , Haiwen Guan , Jason Stock , Troy Arcomano , Guido Cervone , Romit Maulik

Diffusion models have emerged as a dominant framework for generative modeling, but their mathematical foundations are often presented separately through diffusion probabilistic models, score-based modeling, stochastic differential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jiayi Fu , Yuxia Wang

Diffusion models generate samples by denoising along the score of a perturbed target distribution. In practice, one trains a neural diffusion model, which is computationally expensive. Recent work suggests that score matching implicitly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-15 Zhenyu Yao , Daniel Paulin

Score-based diffusion models have emerged as powerful techniques for generating samples from high-dimensional data distributions. These models involve a two-phase process: first, injecting noise to transform the data distribution into a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Runjia Li , Qiwei Di , Quanquan Gu

This work introduces a sampling method capable of solving Bayesian inverse problems in function space. It does not assume the log-concavity of the likelihood, meaning that it is compatible with nonlinear inverse problems. The method…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-27 Lorenzo Baldassari , Ali Siahkoohi , Josselin Garnier , Knut Solna , Maarten V. de Hoop

Generative modeling aims to produce new random examples from an unknown target distribution, given access to a finite collection of examples. Among the leading approaches, denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) construct such…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-12 Vahan Arsenyan , Elen Vardanyan , Arnak Dalalyan

Score-based generative models (SGMs) have revolutionized the field of generative modeling, achieving unprecedented success in generating realistic and diverse content. Despite empirical advances, the theoretical basis for why optimizing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Gen Li , Yuling Yan

Diffusion generative modelling (DGM) based on stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with score matching has achieved unprecedented results in data generation. In this paper, we propose a novel fast high-quality generative modelling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Ziqiang Shi , Rujie Liu

Biased enhanced sampling methods utilizing collective variables (CVs) are powerful tools for sampling conformational ensembles. Due to high intrinsic dimensions, efficiently generating conformational ensembles for complex systems requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Yikai Liu , Tushar K. Ghosh , Guang Lin , Ming Chen

A generative modeling framework is proposed that combines diffusion models and manifold learning to efficiently sample data densities on manifolds. The approach utilizes Diffusion Maps to uncover possible low-dimensional underlying (latent)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Dimitris G. Giovanis , Ellis Crabtree , Roger G. Ghanem , Ioannis G. Kevrekidis

The Langevin algorithm is a classic method for sampling from a given pdf in a real space. In its basic version, it only requires knowledge of the gradient of the log-density, also called the score function. However, in deep learning, it is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Aapo Hyvärinen

We present a novel method for training score-based generative models which uses nonlinear noising dynamics to improve learning of structured distributions. Generalizing to a nonlinear drift allows for additional structure to be incorporated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-07-10 Jeremiah Birrell , Markos A. Katsoulakis , Luc Rey-Bellet , Benjamin J. Zhang , Wei Zhu

Generative autoencoders offer a promising approach for controllable text generation by leveraging their latent sentence representations. However, current models struggle to maintain coherent latent spaces required to perform meaningful text…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Tianxiao Shen , Jonas Mueller , Regina Barzilay , Tommi Jaakkola

Most existing graph diffusion models have significant bias problems. We observe that the forward diffusion's maximum perturbation distribution in most models deviates from the standard Gaussian distribution, while reverse sampling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Meng Yu , Kun Zhan

Progressively applying Gaussian noise transforms complex data distributions to approximately Gaussian. Reversing this dynamic defines a generative model. When the forward noising process is given by a Stochastic Differential Equation (SDE),…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-04-06 Valentin De Bortoli , James Thornton , Jeremy Heng , Arnaud Doucet

Multiscale dynamical systems characterized by interacting fast and slow processes are ubiquitous across scientific domains, from climate dynamics to fluid mechanics. Accurate modeling of such systems requires capturing both the long-term…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2025-11-07 Giulio Del Felice , Ludovico Theo Giorgini

Many real-world problems require reasoning across multiple scales, demanding models which operate not on single data points, but on entire distributions. We introduce generative distribution embeddings (GDE), a framework that lifts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Nic Fishman , Gokul Gowri , Peng Yin , Jonathan Gootenberg , Omar Abudayyeh

Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) provide a theoretically-backed and popular framework for deep generative models. However, learning a VAE from data poses still unanswered theoretical questions and considerable practical challenges. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-01 Partha Ghosh , Mehdi S. M. Sajjadi , Antonio Vergari , Michael Black , Bernhard Schölkopf