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Molecular spins are a versatile platform for quantum sensing. Not only are the spin-bearing molecules themselves widely tunable, they are also capable of being used as sensors as crystals, films and in solution. Using thin-films offers the…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-21 Adrian Mena , Nicholas P. Sloane , Max R. Bonengel , Dane R. McCamey

In analog neuromorphic chips, designers can embed computing primitives in the intrinsic physical properties of devices and circuits, heavily reducing device count and energy consumption, and enabling high parallelism, because all devices…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-31 Tommaso Rizzo , Sebastiano Strangio , Alessandro Catania , Giuseppe Iannaccone

The pursuit of high optical depth and long coherence time in atomic ensembles faces a fundamental thermodynamic constraint: heating enhances light-atom coupling via increased density but degrades coherence through thermal broadening, while…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2025-05-06 Changhao Cheng , Jinxian Guo

We demonstrate millikelvin thermometry of laser cooled trapped ions with high-resolution imaging. This equilibrium approach is independent of the cooling dynamics and has lower systematic error than Doppler thermometry, with \pm5 mK…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-06-10 B. G. Norton , E. W. Streed , M. J. Petrasiunas , A. Jechow , D. Kielpinski

Magnetic media remain a key in information storage and processing. The continuous increase of storage densities and the desire for quantum memories and computers pushes the limits of magnetic characterisation techniques. Ultimately, a tool…

The extension of thermodynamics into the quantum regime has received much attention in recent years. A primary objective of current research is to find thermodynamic tasks which can be enhanced by quantum mechanical effects. With this goal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-10 Mark T. Mitchison , Mischa P. Woods , Javier Prior , Marcus Huber

X-ray calorimetric sample platforms combining specific heat and synchrotron x-ray measurements provide a powerful means to investigate fundamental material properties. Calorimeter cell designs featuring a compact heater and thermometer…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-02-02 U. Patel , H. Zheng , J. L. McChesney , U. Welp , Z. Islam , A. Miceli

We present the design and performance of a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope (STM) which operates inside a water-cooled Bitter magnet, which can attain a magnetic field of up to 38 T. Due to the high vibration environment generated by…

Low-temperature systems play a vital role in a variety of scientific research applications, including the next generation of cosmology and astrophysics telescopes. More ambitious cryogenic applications require precise estimates of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-30 Henry E. Nachman , Oorie Desai , Nicholas Galitzki , Daniel Lee , JB Lloyd , Tannishtha Nandi , Ani Pagni , Ray Radebaugh , Elle C. Shaw

We present a new concept of scanning thermal nanoprobe that utilizes the extreme thermal conductance of a carbon nanotube (CNT) to channel heat between the probe and the sample. The integration of CNT in scanning thermal microscopy (SThM)…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2013-05-28 Peter D. Tovee , Manuel E. Pumarol , Mark C. Rosamond , Robert Jones , Michael C. Petty , Dagou A. Zeze , Oleg V. Kolosov

The ability to probe nanoscale heat flow in a material is often limited by lack of spatial resolution. Here, we use a diamond-nanocrystal-hosted nitrogen-vacancy centre attached to the apex of a silicon thermal tip as a local temperature…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-11-24 Abdelghani Laraoui , Halley Aycock-Rizzo , Yang Gao , Xi Lu , Elisa Riedo , Carlos A. Meriles

Non-volatile memory (NVM) devices that reliably operate at temperatures above 300 $^\circ$C are currently non-existent and remains a critically unmet challenge in the development of high-temperature (T) resilient electronics, necessary for…

Quantifying the temperature of microdevices is critical for probing nanoscale energy transport.Such quantification is often accomplished by integrating resistance thermometers into microdevices. However, such thermometers frequently become…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-05-05 Amin Reihani , Shen Yan , Yuxuan Luan , Rohith Mittapally , Edgar Meyhofer , Pramod Reddy

In a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), producing a high-resolution image generally requires an electron beam focused to the smallest point possible. However, the magnetic lenses used to focus the beam are unavoidably…

A fundamental result of quantum mechanics is that the fluctuations of a bosonic field are given by its temperature $T$. An electromagnetic mode with frequency $\omega$ in the microwave band has a significant thermal photon occupation at…

The ability to probe and control matter at the picometer scale is essential for advancing quantum and energy technologies. Scanning transmission electron microscopy offers powerful capabilities for materials analysis and modification, but…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-07-01 Kevin M. Roccapriore , Frances M. Ross , Julian Klein

The vitrification of aqueous solutions through rapid cooling is a remarkable achievement that launched the field of cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and has enabled the cryopreservation of biological specimens. For judging the feasibility…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2024-07-02 Nathan J. Mowry , Constantin R. Kruger , Marcel Drabbels , Ulrich J. Lorenz

Four-dimensional scanning transmission electron microscopy (4D-STEM) is a powerful tool that allows for the simultaneous acquisition of spatial and diffraction information, driven by recent advancements in direct electron detector…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-10-23 Ujjval Bansal , Amit Sharma , Barbara Putz , Christoph Kirchlechner , Subin Lee

An experimental setup for determining the electrical resistivity of several types of thermoelectric materials over the temperature range 20 < T < 550 C is described in detail. One resistivity measurement during temperature cycling is also…

Materials Science · Physics 2012-12-05 K. C. Lukas , W. S. Liu , Q. Jie , Z. F. Ren , C. P. Opeil

We present a scanning probe microscopy technique for spatially resolving transport in cold atomic gases, in close analogy with scanning gate microscopy in semiconductor physics. The conductance of a quantum point contact connected to two…