Related papers: Thermal Convection in Stars and in Their Atmospher…
Convection and turbulence in stellar atmospheres have a significant effect on the emergent flux from late-type stars. The theoretical advancements in convection modelling over recent years have proved challenging for the observers to obtain…
Convection is an important phenomenon in the atmospheres of A-type and cooler stars. A description of convection in ATLAS models is presented, together with details of how it is specified in model calculations. The effects of changing the…
Convection is ubiquitous in stars and occurs under many different conditions. Here we explore convection in main-sequence stars through two lenses: dimensionless parameters arising from stellar structure and parameters which emerge from the…
Heat can generally transfer via thermal conduction, thermal radiation, and thermal convection. All the existing theories of transformation thermotics and optics can treat thermal conduction and thermal radiation, respectively.…
Convection and turbulence in stellar atmospheres have a significant effect on the emergent flux from A-type stars. The recent theoretical advancements in convection modelling have proved a challenge to the observers to obtain measurements…
Overshooting occurs in stars when convective elements penetrate into adjacent radiative zones. In the Sun, it leads to the so-called `tachocline' at the base of the outer convection zone and this region is becoming a key ingredient of the…
Convection is the most important physical process that determines the structure of the envelopes of cool stars. It influences the surface radiation flux and the shape of observed spectral line profiles and is responsible for both generating…
Evolved cool stars of various masses are major cosmic engines, delivering substantial mechanical and radiative feedback to the interstellar medium through strong stellar winds and supernova ejecta. These stars play a pivotal role in…
Convection is a fundamental mechanism for energy transport in stars and planets, playing a pivotal role in shaping their structures and evolution. The Mixing-Length Theory, a monomodal approach to convection, is widely adopted and…
Surface convection is important for the presence of magnetic activity at stars. So far, this convection is thought to be a result of heating from below, where convection cells rise and break up. New models reveal that surface convection is…
The dynamics and thermal structure of the surface layers of stars with outer convection zones can be studied in some detail by means of numerical simulations of time-dependent compressible convection. In an effort to investigate the…
It is shown that the unusual thermodynamic properties of matter within the region of two-phase coexistence in hybrid stars result in a change of the standard condition for beginning of convection. In particular, the thermal flux transported…
This article reviews our current understanding of modelling convection dynamics in stars. Several semi-analytical time-dependent convection models have been proposed for pulsating one-dimensional stellar structures with different…
Both observations and numerical simulations show that stellar convective motions are composed of semi-regular flows of convective rolling cells and the fully developed turbulence. Although the convective rolling cells are crucial for the…
The near-surface layers of cool main-sequence stars are structured by convective flows, which are overshooting into the atmosphere. The flows and the associated spatio-temporal variations of density and temperature affect spectral line…
Stars play a key role in the evolution of the Universe, as sources of radiation, as dynamical engines, and as chemical factories. Outputs of stellar models are then central to various studies in astrophysics. Stellar physics links…
Thermal convection stands out as an exceptionally efficient thermal transport mechanism, distinctly separate from conduction and radiation. Yet, the inherently elusive nature of fluid motion poses challenges in accurately controlling…
Thermal transport is a fundamental mechanism of energy transfer process quite distinct from wave propagation phenomena. It can be manipulated well beyond the possibilities offered by natural materials with a new generation of artificial…
Stars are not smooth. Their photosphere is covered by a granulation pattern associated with the heat transport by convection. The convection-related surface structures have different size, depth, and temporal variations with respect to the…
Stars play a decisive role in our Universe, from its beginning throughout its complete evolution. For a thorough understanding of their properties, evolution, and physics of their outer envelopes, stellar spectra need to be analyzed by…