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To determine the precise positions of stars in CCD frames, various centering algorithms have been proposed for astrometry. The effective point spread function (ePSF) and the Gaussian centering algorithms are two representative centering…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-28 F. R. Lin , Q. Y. Peng , Z. J. Zheng , B. F. Guo , Y. J. Shang

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) is crucial for surveillance and early-warning, with deployments spanning both single-frame analysis and video-mode tracking. A practical solution should leverage vision foundation models (VFMs) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Qian Xu , Xi Li , Fei Gao , Jie Guo , Haojuan Yuan , Shuaipeng Fan , Mingjin Zhang

LiDAR-camera systems have become increasingly popular in robotics recently. A critical and initial step in integrating the LiDAR and camera data is the calibration of the LiDAR-camera system. Most existing calibration methods rely on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Shuyi Zhou , Shuxiang Xie , Ryoichi Ishikawa , Takeshi Oishi

The integrating sphere (IS) is an indispensable tool for measuring transmission and scattering of materials and their colorimetry, as well as other photometric tasks. The accuracy of its data depends critically on port sizes used for…

Optics · Physics 2023-09-28 A. M. Bratkovsky

After more than six and half years in orbit, the ESA space observatory INTEGRAL has provided new, exciting results in the soft gamma-ray energy range (from a few keV to a few MeV). With the discovery of about 700 hard X-Ray sources, it has…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-03-28 P. Ubertini , A. Corsi , S. Foley , S. McGlynn , G. De Cesare , A. Bazzano

The most recent all-sky surveys performed with the INTEGRAL and SWIFT satellites allowed the detection of more than 1500 sources in hard X-rays above 20 keV. About one quarter of them has no obvious counterpart at other wavelengths and…

Despite not being specifically designed for the study of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), the INTEGRAL satellite is giving a relevant contribution to this field with the detection of about 10 GRB per year in the IBIS field of view. The ground-based…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2011-02-21 Sandro Mereghetti

Chopping observations with a tip-tilt secondary mirror have conventionally been used in ground-based mid-infrared observations. However, it is not practical for next generation large telescopes to have a large tip-tilt mirror that moves at…

The SIRTF InfraRed Spectrograph (IRS) is faced with many of the same calibration challenges that were experienced in the ISO SWS calibration program, owing to similar wavelength coverage and overlapping spectral resolutions of the two…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 P. W. Morris , V. Charmandaris , T. Herter , L. Armus , J. Houck , G. Sloan

We present sensitivity estimates for point and resolved astronomical sources for the current design of the InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) on the future Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT). IRIS, with TMT's adaptive optics system, will…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Shelley A. Wright , Elizabeth J. Barton , James E. Larkin , Anna M. Moore , David Crampton , Luc Simard , IRIS team

We present a method named iComMa to address the 6D camera pose estimation problem in computer vision. Conventional pose estimation methods typically rely on the target's CAD model or necessitate specific network training tailored to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yuan Sun , Xuan Wang , Yunfan Zhang , Jie Zhang , Caigui Jiang , Yu Guo , Fei Wang

This work presents numerical results of a computer simulation performed with six centroiding algorithms targeting a star tracker in development at INPE, including readout noise and considering a Gaussian point spread function. Five of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-24 Marcio Afonso Arimura Fialho

One of the problems of producing instruments for Extremely Large Telescopes is that their size (and hence cost) scales rapidly with telescope aperture. To try to break this relation alternative new technologies have been proposed, such as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Robert James Harris , Jeremy Allington-Smith

The Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS) had a tremendous impact on many areas of modern astrophysics. In particular it revealed the ubiquity of infrared cirrus that are a spectacular manifestation of the interstellar medium complexity…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-12-18 Marc-Antoine Miville-Deschenes , Guilaine Lagache

Observational cosmology employing optical surveys often require precise flux calibration. In this context we present SNIFS Calibration Apparatus (SCALA), a flux calibration system developed for the SuperNova Integral Field Spectrograph…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-12-04 Simona Lombardo , Greg Aldering , Akos Hoffmann , Marek Kowalski , Daniel Kuesters , Klaus Reif , Mickael Rigault

The InfraRed Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) is a first-light instrument for the Thirty Meter Telescope (TMT) that will be used to sample the corrected adaptive optics field by NFIRAOS with a near-infrared (0.8 - 2.4 $\mu$m) imaging camera and…

Ground-based astronomy is unavoidably subject to the adverse effect of atmospheric turbulence, a.k.a. the seeing, which blurs the images and limits the achievable spatial resolution. For spectroscopic observations, it leads to slit or…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-12 Tobias M. Schmidt

ESA EUCLID mission will be launched in 2020 to understand the nature of the dark energy responsible of the accelerated expansion of the Universe and to map the geometry of the dark matter. The map will investigate the distanceredshift…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-03-17 Anne Costille , A. Caillat , C. Rossin , S. Pascal , P. Sanchez , R. Barette , P. Laurent , B. Foulon , C. Pariès

We present the wide field slitless spectroscopy mode of the NIRISS instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope. This mode employs two orthogonal low-resolution (resolving power $\approx 150$) grisms in combination with a set of six…

On-board the SVOM mission, the Microchannel X-ray Telescope observes the soft X-ray band of the gamma-ray bursts afterglows. The so-called lobster-eye optics focuses X-rays to the camera subsystem that performs imaging and spectroscopy of a…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-28 M. Moita , A. Meuris , P. Ferrando , A. Sauvageon , H. Goto , D. Götz , C. Plasse , L. Godinaud , A. Fort , K. Mercier , S. Crepaldi