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The black-box nature of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) severely hinders its performance improvement and application in specific scenes. In recent years, class activation mapping-based method has been widely used to interpret the internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Chunyan Zeng , Kang Yan , Zhifeng Wang , Yan Yu , Shiyan Xia , Nan Zhao

Conditional sampling is a fundamental task in Bayesian statistics and generative modeling. Consider the problem of sampling from the posterior distribution $P_{X|Y=y^*}$ for some observation $y^*$, where the likelihood $P_{Y|X}$ is known,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Han Cui , Jingbo Liu

Saliency maps are widely used in the computer vision community for interpreting neural network classifiers. However, due to the randomness of training samples and optimization algorithms, the resulting saliency maps suffer from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Shizhan Gong , Jingwei Zhang , Qi Dou , Farzan Farnia

In this work, we investigate methods to reduce the noise in deep saliency maps coming from convolutional downsampling. Those methods make the investigated models more interpretable for gradient-based saliency maps, computed in hidden…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Rudolf Herdt , Maximilian Schmidt , Daniel Otero Baguer , Peter Maaß

This paper investigates the role of saliency to improve the classification accuracy of a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for the case when scarce training data is available. Our approach consists in adding a saliency branch to an…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Carola Figueroa Flores , Abel Gonzalez-García , Joost van de Weijer , Bogdan Raducanu

In high-stakes applications of machine learning models, interpretability methods provide guarantees that models are right for the right reasons. In medical imaging, saliency maps have become the standard tool for determining whether a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-12-05 Jacob Pfau , Albert T. Young , Maria L. Wei , Michael J. Keiser

State-of-the-art saliency prediction methods develop upon model architectures or loss functions; while training to generate one target saliency map. However, publicly available saliency prediction datasets can be utilized to create more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-01 Sandeep Mishra , Oindrila Saha

Saliency methods provide post-hoc model interpretation by attributing input features to the model outputs. Current methods mainly achieve this using a single input sample, thereby failing to answer input-independent inquiries about the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Naveed Akhtar , Mohammad A. A. K. Jalwana

We introduce SaltiNet, a deep neural network for scanpath prediction trained on 360-degree images. The model is based on a temporal-aware novel representation of saliency information named the saliency volume. The first part of the network…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-18 Marc Assens , Kevin McGuinness , Xavier Giro-i-Nieto , Noel E. O'Connor

We introduce a saliency-based distortion layer for convolutional neural networks that helps to improve the spatial sampling of input data for a given task. Our differentiable layer can be added as a preprocessing block to existing task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Adrià Recasens , Petr Kellnhofer , Simon Stent , Wojciech Matusik , Antonio Torralba

Saliency maps have become a widely used method to assess which areas of the input image are most pertinent to the prediction of a trained neural network. However, in the context of medical imaging, there is no study to our knowledge that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Nishanth Thumbavanam Arun , Nathan Gaw , Praveer Singh , Ken Chang , Katharina Viktoria Hoebel , Jay Patel , Mishka Gidwani , Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer

Autonomous exploration is a widely studied problem where a robot incrementally builds a map of a previously unknown environment. The robot selects the next locations to reach using an exploration strategy. To do so, the robot has to balance…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Matteo Luperto , Valerii Stakanov , Giacomo Boracchi , Nicola Basilico , Francesco Amigoni

Recently, there has been a growing interest in developing saliency methods that provide visual explanations of network predictions. Still, the usability of existing methods is limited to image classification models. To overcome this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-11 Lukas Hoyer , Mauricio Munoz , Prateek Katiyar , Anna Khoreva , Volker Fischer

We present an algorithm for graph based saliency computation that utilizes the underlying dense subgraphs in finding visually salient regions in an image. To compute the salient regions, the model first obtains a saliency map using random…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-12-29 Souradeep Chakraborty , Pabitra Mitra

We propose a novel unsupervised game-theoretic salient object detection algorithm that does not require labeled training data. First, saliency detection problem is formulated as a non-cooperative game, hereinafter referred to as Saliency…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-08-01 Yu Zeng , Huchuan Lu , Ali Borji , Mengyang Feng

Finding objects is essential for almost any daily-life visual task. Saliency models have been useful to predict fixation locations in natural images, but are static, i.e., they provide no information about the time-sequence of fixations.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-09 M. Sclar , G. Bujia , S. Vita , G. Solovey , J. E. Kamienkowski

Tumor saliency estimation aims to localize tumors by modeling the visual stimuli in medical images. However, it is a challenging task for breast ultrasound due to the complicated anatomic structure of the breast and poor image quality; and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Fei Xu , Yingtao Zhang , Min Xian , H. D. Cheng , Boyu Zhang , Jianrui Ding , Chunping Ning , Ying Wang

Recently, many methods to interpret and visualize deep neural network predictions have been proposed and significant progress has been made. However, a more class-discriminative and visually pleasing explanation is required. Thus, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-06 Dasom Seo , Kanghan Oh , Il-Seok Oh

Bayesian Optimization (BO) is an effective approach for global optimization of black-box functions when function evaluations are expensive. Most prior works use Gaussian processes to model the black-box function, however, the use of kernels…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Dat Phan-Trong , Hung Tran-The , Sunil Gupta

Saliency methods can make deep neural network predictions more interpretable by identifying a set of critical features in an input sample, such as pixels that contribute most strongly to a prediction made by an image classifier.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Yang Lu , Wenbo Guo , Xinyu Xing , William Stafford Noble