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Related papers: Correcting for Selection Bias in Learning-to-rank …

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Recent advances in unbiased learning to rank (LTR) count on Inverse Propensity Scoring (IPS) to eliminate bias in implicit feedback. Though theoretically sound in correcting the bias introduced by treating clicked documents as relevant, IPS…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Nan Wang , Zhen Qin , Xuanhui Wang , Hongning Wang

Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) aims to mitigate various biases existing in user clicks, such as position bias, trust bias, presentation bias, and learn an effective ranker. In this paper, we introduce our winning approach for the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-16 Lulu Yu , Yiting Wang , Xiaojie Sun , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo

Unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) studies the problem of mitigating various biases from implicit user feedback data such as clicks, and has been receiving considerable attention recently. A popular ULTR approach for real-world applications…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Yunan Zhang , Le Yan , Zhen Qin , Honglei Zhuang , Jiaming Shen , Xuanhui Wang , Michael Bendersky , Marc Najork

Learning-to-rank (LTR) is a set of supervised machine learning algorithms that aim at generating optimal ranking order over a list of items. A lot of ranking models have been studied during the past decades. And most of them treat each…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-09 RuiXing Wang , Kuan Fang , RiKang Zhou , Zhan Shen , LiWen Fan

Learning to Rank (LTR) models learn from historical user interactions, such as user clicks. However, there is an inherent bias in the clicks of users due to position bias, i.e., users are more likely to click highly-ranked documents than…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-07-11 Zeyan Liang , Graham McDonald , Iadh Ounis

Optimizing ranking systems based on user interactions is a well-studied problem. State-of-the-art methods for optimizing ranking systems based on user interactions are divided into online approaches - that learn by directly interacting with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Harrie Oosterhuis , Maarten de Rijke

Ranking systems form the basis for online search engines and recommendation services. They process large collections of items, for instance web pages or e-commerce products, and present the user with a small ordered selection. The goal of a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Harrie Oosterhuis

An effective ranking model usually requires a large amount of training data to learn the relevance between documents and queries. User clicks are often used as training data since they can indicate relevance and are cheap to collect, but…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Xiaojie Sun , Lulu Yu , Yiting Wang , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo

Most existing unbiased learning-to-rank (ULTR) approaches are based on the user examination hypothesis, which assumes that users will click a result only if it is both relevant and observed (typically modeled by position). However, in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Lulu Yu , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Shihao Liu , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

Fairness is a popular research topic in recent years. A research topic closely related to fairness is bias and debiasing. Among different types of bias problems, position bias is one of the most widely encountered symptoms. Position bias…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Hao Wang

Selection bias is prevalent in the data for training and evaluating recommendation systems with explicit feedback. For example, users tend to rate items they like. However, when rating an item concerning a specific user, most of the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Weishen Pan , Sen Cui , Hongyi Wen , Kun Chen , Changshui Zhang , Fei Wang

Large-scale supervised data is essential for training modern ranking models, but obtaining high-quality human annotations is costly. Click data has been widely used as a low-cost alternative, and with recent advances in large language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Lulu Yu , Keping Bi , Jiafeng Guo , Shihao Liu , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Xueqi Cheng

The recent literature on online learning to rank (LTR) has established the utility of prior knowledge to Bayesian ranking bandit algorithms. However, a major limitation of existing work is the requirement for the prior used by the algorithm…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-27 Javad Azizi , Ofer Meshi , Masrour Zoghi , Maryam Karimzadehgan

When using LLMs to rank items based on given criteria, or evaluate answers, the order of candidate items can influence the model's final decision. This sensitivity to item positioning in a LLM's prompt is known as position bias. Prior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Ali Vardasbi , Gustavo Penha , Claudia Hauff , Hugues Bouchard

Information retrieval systems, such as online marketplaces, news feeds, and search engines, are ubiquitous in today's digital society. They facilitate information discovery by ranking retrieved items on predicted relevance, i.e. likelihood…

Econometrics · Economics 2022-05-16 Rina Friedberg , Karthik Rajkumar , Jialiang Mao , Qian Yao , YinYin Yu , Min Liu

Talent recruitment is a critical, yet costly process for many industries, with high recruitment costs and long hiring cycles. Existing talent recommendation systems increasingly adopt large language models (LLMs) due to their remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Silin Du , Hongyan Liu

Traditional machine-learned ranking systems for web search are often trained to capture stationary relevance of documents to queries, which has limited ability to track non-stationary user intention in a timely manner. In recency search,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2011-03-22 Taesup Moon , Wei Chu , Lihong Li , Zhaohui Zheng , Yi Chang

Clickthrough data is a particularly inexpensive and plentiful resource to obtain implicit relevance feedback for improving and personalizing search engines. However, it is well known that the probability of a user clicking on a result is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Filip Radlinski , Thorsten Joachims

Click-through data has proven to be a valuable resource for improving search-ranking quality. Search engines can easily collect click data, but biases introduced in the data can make it difficult to use the data effectively. In order to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-13 Yingcheng Sun , Richard Kolacinski , Kenneth Loparo

Learning to rank systems has become an important aspect of our daily life. However, the implicit user feedback that is used to train many learning to rank models is usually noisy and suffered from user bias (i.e., position bias). Thus,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-12 Anh Tran , Tao Yang , Qingyao Ai