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Modern mechanical sensors increasingly measure motion with precision sufficient to resolve the fundamental thermal noise floor over a broad band. Compared to traditional sensors -- achieving this limit only near resonance -- this capability…
A method has been developed for precision measurement of the gravitational frequency shift of communication radio signals between the spacecraft and the ground tracking station based on the maximum likelihood principle, using the Rao-Cramer…
The understanding of heat transport in nonequilibrium thermodynamics is an important research frontier, which is crucial for implementing novel thermodynamic devices, such as heat engines and refrigerators. The convection, conduction, and…
We revisit the effective parameter description of hot Brownian motion -- a scenario where a colloidal particle is kept at an elevated temperature than the ambient fluid. Due to the time scale separation between heat diffusion and particle…
We report on measurements of the transverse fluctuations of a string in a turbulent air jet flow. Harmonic modes are excited by the fluctuating drag force, at different wave-numbers. This simple mechanical probe makes it possible to measure…
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are bright, mostly millisecond-duration transients of extragalactic origin whose emission mechanisms remain unknown. As FRB signals propagate through ionized media, they experience frequency-dependent delays…
A low maintenance long-term operational cryogenic sapphire oscillator has been implemented at 11.2 GHz using an ultra-low-vibration cryostat and pulse-tube cryocooler. It is currently the world's most stable microwave oscillator employing a…
We report low-temperature measurements of dissipation in megahertz-range, suspended, single-crystal nanomechanical oscillators. At millikelvin temperatures, both dissipation (inverse quality factor) and shift in the resonance frequency…
Almost a century ago, Johnson and Nyquist presented evidence of fluctuating electrical current and the governing fluctuation dissipation theorem (FDT). Whether, likewise, temperature T can fluctuate is a controversial topic and has led to…
We report on the implementation and the metrological characterization of a vapor-cell Rb frequency standard working in pulsed regime. The three main parts that compose the clock, physics package, optics and electronics, are described in…
A vacuum compatible cryogenic accelerometer is presented which will reach $<0.5$ p$g$ Hz$^{-1/2}$ sensitivity from 1 mHz to 10 Hz with a maximum sensitivity of 10 f$g$ Hz$^{-1/2}$ around 10 Hz. This figure can be translated to a…
Microwave superconducting resonators are extensively studied in fields such as quantum computing and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy. However, the integration of superconducting resonators with feedback mechanisms to create…
We show that torsion resonators can experience massive dissipation dilution due to nanoscale strain, and draw a connection to a century-old theory from the torsion balance community which suggests that a simple torsion ribbon is naturally…
Quantum computing, ultra-low-noise sensing, and high-energy physics experiments often rely on superconducting circuits or semiconductor qubits and devices operating at deep cryogenic temperatures (4K and below). Photonic integrated circuits…
Systems with low mechanical dissipation are extensively used in precision measurements such as gravitational wave detection, atomic force microscopy and quantum control of mechanical oscillators via opto- and electromechanics. The…
This paper is a detailed report on a programme of simulations used to settle a long-standing issue in the dynamo theory and demonstrate that the fluctuation dynamo exists in the limit of large magnetic Reynolds number Rm>>1 and small…
We analyze the frequency dependence of the dispersion measure (DM), the column density of free electrons to a pulsar, caused by multipath scattering from small scale electron-density fluctuations. The DM is slightly different along each…
Thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) has emerged as a versatile platform for phononic and photonic devices with applications ranging from classical signal processing to quantum technologies. However, acoustic loss fundamentally limits the…
Continuous tuning of the frequency of laser light is the cornerstone for a plethora of applications in basic science as well as in the industrial environment. They range from the hunt for gravitational waves, the realization of optical…
The resolution of low-frequency resistance noise measurements can be increased by amplitude modulation, shifting the spectrum of the resistance fluctuations away from the 1/f noise contributed by measurement instruments. However, commercial…