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Data protection methods like cryptography, despite being effective, inadvertently signal the presence of secret communication, thereby drawing undue attention. Here, we introduce an optical information hiding camera integrated with an…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-13 Bijie Bai , Ryan Lee , Yuhang Li , Tianyi Gan , Yuntian Wang , Mona Jarrahi , Aydogan Ozcan

Scientists often seek simplified representations of complex systems to facilitate prediction and understanding. If the factors comprising a representation allow us to make accurate predictions about our system, but obscuring any subset of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-12 Greg Ver Steeg , Rob Brekelmans , Hrayr Harutyunyan , Aram Galstyan

Denoising diffusion models enable conditional generation and density modeling of complex relationships like images and text. However, the nature of the learned relationships is opaque making it difficult to understand precisely what…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Xianghao Kong , Ollie Liu , Han Li , Dani Yogatama , Greg Ver Steeg

The formalism of partial information decomposition provides independent or non-overlapping components constituting total information content provided by a set of source variables about the target variable. These components are recognised as…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-09 Ayan Biswas , Suman K Banik

The apparent dichotomy between information-processing and dynamical approaches to complexity science forces researchers to choose between two diverging sets of tools and explanations, creating conflict and often hindering scientific…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-26 Pedro A. M. Mediano , Fernando E. Rosas , Juan Carlos Farah , Murray Shanahan , Daniel Bor , Adam B. Barrett

Multivariate functions emerge naturally in a wide variety of data-driven models. Popular choices are expressions in the form of basis expansions or neural networks. While highly effective, the resulting functions tend to be hard to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-15 Jan Decuyper , Koen Tiels , Siep Weiland , Mark C. Runacres , Johan Schoukens

Partial information decompositions (PIDs), which quantify information interactions between three or more variables in terms of uniqueness, redundancy and synergy, are gaining traction in many application domains. However, our understanding…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Praveen Venkatesh , Keerthana Gurushankar , Gabriel Schamberg

We consider the "partial information decomposition" (PID) problem, which aims to decompose the information that a set of source random variables provide about a target random variable into separate redundant, synergistic, union, and unique…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Artemy Kolchinsky

Obtaining meaningful quantitative descriptions of the statistical dependence within multivariate systems is a difficult open problem. Recently, the Partial Information Decomposition (PID) was proposed to decompose mutual information (MI)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-21 Robin A. A. Ince

This paper provides a description of a new method for information processing based on holistic approach wherein analysis is a direct product of synthesis. The core of the method is iterative averaging of all the elements of a system…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2008-05-28 Leonid Andreev

Distributed systems, such as biological and artificial neural networks, process information via complex interactions engaging multiple subsystems, resulting in high-order patterns with distinct properties across scales. Investigating how…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Aaron J. Gutknecht , Fernando E. Rosas , David A. Ehrlich , Abdullah Makkeh , Pedro A. M. Mediano , Michael Wibral

The interactions between three or more random variables are often nontrivial, poorly understood, and yet, are paramount for future advances in fields such as network information theory, neuroscience, genetics and many others. In this work,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-20 Fernando Rosas , Vasilis Ntranos , Christopher J. Ellison , Sofie Pollin , Marian Verhelst

Network representations often cannot fully account for the structural richness of complex systems spanning multiple levels of organisation. Recently proposed high-order information-theoretic signals are well-suited to capture synergistic…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2021-02-24 Anibal M. Medina-Mardones , Fernando E. Rosas , Sebastián E. Rodríguez , Rodrigo Cofré

We consider the formalism of information decomposition of target effects from multi-source interactions, i.e. the problem of defining redundant and synergistic components of the information that a set of source variables provides about a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-04-24 Daniele Marinazzo , Leonardo Angelini , Mario Pellicoro , Sebastiano Stramaglia

Biological and artificial neural systems are composed of many local processors, and their capabilities depend upon the transfer function that relates each local processor's outputs to its inputs. This paper uses a recent advance in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-03-16 Jim W. Kay , William A. Phillips

This brief note considers the problem of estimating temporal synergy and integrated information in dyadic dynamical processes. One of the standard estimators of dynamic synergy is based on the minimal mutual information between sets of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Thomas F. Varley

We propose a framework to analyze how multivariate representations disentangle ground-truth generative factors. A quantitative analysis of disentanglement has been based on metrics designed to compare how one variable explains each…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-11 Seiya Tokui , Issei Sato

Mutual information between two random variables is a well-studied notion, whose understanding is fairly complete. Mutual information between one random variable and a pair of other random variables, however, is a far more involved notion.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Aobo Lyu , Andrew Clark , Netanel Raviv

Current research on the \textit{Decompose-Then-Verify} paradigm for evaluating the factuality of long-form text typically treats decomposition and verification in isolation, overlooking their interactions and potential misalignment. We find…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yining Lu , Noah Ziems , Hy Dang , Meng Jiang

Of the various attempts to generalize information theory to multiple variables, the most widely utilized, interaction information, suffers from the problem that it is sometimes negative. Here we reconsider from first principles the general…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-04-16 Paul L. Williams , Randall D. Beer