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Automatic numerical algorithms attempt to provide approximate solutions that differ from exact solutions by no more than a user-specified error tolerance. The computational cost is often determined \emph{adaptively} by the algorithm based…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2015-01-16 Nicholas Clancy , Yuhan Ding , Caleb Hamilton , Fred J. Hickernell , Yizhi Zhang

Probabilistic programs often trade accuracy for efficiency, and thus may, with a small probability, return an incorrect result. It is important to obtain precise bounds for the probability of these errors, but existing verification…

Scenario generation is the construction of a discrete random vector to represent parameters of uncertain values in a stochastic program. Most approaches to scenario generation are distribution-driven, that is, they attempt to construct a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Jamie Fairbrother , Amanda Turner , Stein Wallace

Many stochastic optimization problems include chance constraints that enforce constraint satisfaction with a specific probability; however, solving an optimization problem with chance constraints assumes that the solver has access to the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-09-21 Joshua Comden , Ahmed S. Zamzam , Andrey Bernstein

This paper introduces an upper bound on the absolute difference between: (a) the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the sum of a finite number of independent and identically distributed random variables with finite absolute third…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-07-22 Dadja Anade , Jean-Marie Gorce , Philippe Mary , Samir Perlaza

Probabilistic programming is a growing area that strives to make statistical analysis more accessible, by separating probabilistic modelling from probabilistic inference. In practice this decoupling is difficult. No single inference…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Maria I. Gorinova

Probabilistic programming has emerged as a powerful paradigm in statistics, applied science, and machine learning: by decoupling modelling from inference, it promises to allow modellers to directly reason about the processes generating…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-06-10 Maria I. Gorinova , Dave Moore , Matthew D. Hoffman

The standard approach to analyzing the asymptotic complexity of probabilistic programs is based on studying the asymptotic growth of certain expected values (such as the expected termination time) for increasing input size. We argue that…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Michal Ajdarów , Antonín Kučera

Solving partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with high dimensional and continuous observations, such as camera images, is required for many real life robotics and planning problems. Recent researches suggested machine…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Idan Lev-Yehudi , Moran Barenboim , Vadim Indelman

A perturbative approach is used to derive approximations of arbitrary order to estimate high percentiles of sums of positive independent random variables that exhibit heavy tails. Closed-form expressions for the successive approximations…

Applications · Statistics 2015-03-20 Lorenzo Hernández , Jorge Tejero , Alberto Suárez , Santiago Carrillo-Menéndez

Heavy-tailed distributions are infamously difficult to estimate because their moments tend to infinity as the shape of the tail decay increases. Nevertheless, this study shows the utilization of a modified group of moments for estimating a…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-31 Amenah AL-Najafi , Ugur Tirnakli , Kenric P. Nelson

Recently proposed generative models for discrete data, such as Masked Diffusion Models (MDMs), exploit conditional independence approximations to reduce the computational cost of popular Auto-Regressive Models (ARMs), at the price of some…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-18 Hugo Lavenant , Giacomo Zanella

High-probability guarantees in stochastic optimization are often obtained only under strong noise assumptions such as sub-Gaussian tails. We show that such guarantees can also be achieved under the weaker assumption of bounded variance by…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Jiaming Liang

Coherent lower previsions are general probabilistic models allowing incompletely specified probability distributions. However, for complete description of a coherent lower prevision -- even on finite underlying sample spaces -- an infinite…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Damjan Škulj

Probabilistic forecasts comprehensively describe the uncertainty in the unknown future outcome, making them essential for decision making and risk management. While several methods have been introduced to evaluate probabilistic forecasts,…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-23 Sam Allen , Jonathan Koh , Johan Segers , Johanna Ziegel

Principal Moment Analysis is a method designed for dimension reduction, analysis and visualization of high dimensional multivariate data. It generalizes Principal Component Analysis and allows for significant statistical modeling…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-03-10 Magnus Fontes , Rasmus Henningsson

In the world of multivariate extremes, estimation of the dependence structure still presents a challenge and an interesting problem. A procedure for the bivariate case is presented that opens the road to a similar way of handling the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-11-14 John H. J. Einmahl , Andrea Krajina , Johan Segers

In this paper we consider the problem of obtaining sharp bounds for the performance of temporal difference (TD) methods with linear function approximation for policy evaluation in discounted Markov decision processes. We show that a simple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-18 Sergey Samsonov , Daniil Tiapkin , Alexey Naumov , Eric Moulines

Many management decisions involve accumulated random realizations for which only the first and second moments of their distribution are available. The sharp Chebyshev-type bound for the tail probability and Scarf bound for the expected loss…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-05-15 Zhaolin Li , Artem Prokhorov

We propose a projection method to estimate risk-neutral moments from option prices. We derive a finite-sample bound implying that the projection estimator attains (up to a constant) the smallest pricing error within the span of traded…

General Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-22 Tjeerd De Vries