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We focus on a stochastic learning model where the learner observes a finite set of training examples and the output of the learning process is a data-dependent distribution over a space of hypotheses. The learned data-dependent distribution…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-29 Omar Rivasplata , Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvari , John Shawe-Taylor

The predominance of machine learning models in many spheres of human activity has led to a growing demand for their transparency. The transparency of models makes it possible to discern some factors, such as security or non-discrimination.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Niffa Cheick Oumar Diaby , Thierry Duchesne , Mario Marchand

We study the problem of learning robust classifiers where the classifier will receive a perturbed input. Unlike robust PAC learning studied in prior work, here the clean data and its label are also adversarially chosen. We formulate this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Sajad Ashkezari

Choice modeling has been a central topic in the study of individual preference or utility across many fields including economics, marketing, operations research, and psychology. While the vast majority of the literature on choice models has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-08-22 Zhongze Cai , Hanzhao Wang , Kalyan Talluri , Xiaocheng Li

We study the problem of PAC learning halfspaces in the reliable agnostic model of Kalai et al. (2012). The reliable PAC model captures learning scenarios where one type of error is costlier than the others. Our main positive result is a new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Ilias Diakonikolas , Lisheng Ren , Nikos Zarifis

Hyperbolic neural networks (HNNs) have demonstrated notable efficacy in representing real-world data with hierarchical structures via exploiting the geometric properties of hyperbolic spaces characterized by negative curvatures. Curvature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Xiaomeng Fan , Yuwei Wu , Zhi Gao , Mehrtash Harandi , Yunde Jia

We consider the problem of PAC-learning decision trees, i.e., learning a decision tree over the n-dimensional hypercube from independent random labeled examples. Despite significant effort, no polynomial-time algorithm is known for learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2008-12-05 Adam Tauman Kalai , Shang-Hua Teng

Learning and the ability to learn are important factors in development and evolutionary processes [1]. Depending on the level, the complexity of learning can strongly vary. While associative learning can explain simple learning behaviour…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Reimer Kuehn , Ion-Olimpiu Stamatescu

The best algorithm for a computational problem generally depends on the "relevant inputs," a concept that depends on the application domain and often defies formal articulation. While there is a large literature on empirical approaches to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-09-06 Rishi Gupta , Tim Roughgarden

Security in machine learning is fragile when data are exfiltrated or perturbed, yet existing frameworks rarely connect the definition and analysis of the security to learnability. In this work, we develop a theory of secure learning…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Jeongho Bang

In this paper, we consider the problem of replicable realizable PAC learning. We construct a particularly hard learning problem and show a sample complexity lower bound with a close to $(\log|H|)^{3/2}$ dependence on the size of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kasper Green Larsen , Markus Engelund Mathiasen , Chirag Pabbaraju , Clement Svendsen

We study uniform computability properties of PAC learning using Weihrauch complexity. We focus on closed concept classes, which are either represented by positive, by negative or by full information. Among other results, we prove that…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-27 Vasco Brattka , Guillaume Chirache

PAC-Bayesian is an analysis framework where the training error can be expressed as the weighted average of the hypotheses in the posterior distribution whilst incorporating the prior knowledge. In addition to being a pure generalization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-07 Wei Huang , Chunrui Liu , Yilan Chen , Tianyu Liu , Richard Yi Da Xu

Meta-Learning aims to speed up the learning process on new tasks by acquiring useful inductive biases from datasets of related learning tasks. While, in practice, the number of related tasks available is often small, most of the existing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-27 Jonas Rothfuss , Martin Josifoski , Vincent Fortuin , Andreas Krause

A Machine can only learn if it is biased in some way. Typically the bias is supplied by hand, for example through the choice of an appropriate set of features. However, if the learning machine is embedded within an {\em environment} of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-02 Jonathan Baxter

Precision and Recall are fundamental metrics in machine learning tasks where both accurate predictions and comprehensive coverage are essential, such as in multi-label learning, language generation, medical studies, and recommender systems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Lee Cohen , Yishay Mansour , Shay Moran , Han Shao

We informally call a stochastic process learnable if it admits a generalization error approaching zero in probability for any concept class with finite VC-dimension (IID processes are the simplest example). A mixture of learnable processes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-07-27 Cosma Rohilla Shalizi , Aryeh Kontorovich

We show that the class of strongly connected graphical models with treewidth at most k can be properly efficiently PAC-learnt with respect to the Kullback-Leibler Divergence. Previous approaches to this problem, such as those of Chow ([1]),…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-19 Mukund Narasimhan , Jeff A. Bilmes

We develop a mathematical framework to address a broad class of metric and preference learning problems within a Hilbert space. We obtain a novel representer theorem for the simultaneous task of metric and preference learning. Our key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Peyman Morteza

Learning tasks play an increasingly prominent role in quantum information and computation. They range from fundamental problems such as state discrimination and metrology over the framework of quantum probably approximately correct (PAC)…