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Superconductivity occurs in systems that have a lot of negative charge: the highly negatively charged $(CuO2)^{--}$ planes in the cuprates, negatively charged $(FeAs)^-$ planes in the iron arsenides, and negatively charged $B^-$ planes in…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-06-10 J. E. Hirsch

Since their experimental discovery in 1989, the electron-doped cuprate superconductors have presented both a major challenge and a major opportunity. The major challenge has been to determine whether these materials are fundamentally…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-06-14 J. E. Hirsch , F. Marsiglio

An electric current generates a magnetic field, and magnetic fields cannot exist in the interior of type I superconductors. As a consequence of these two facts, electric currents can only flow near the surface of a type I superconducting…

Superconductivity · Physics 2021-08-25 J. E. Hirsch

Ted Geballe has contributed enormously to the knowledge of superconducting materials during an illustrious scientific career spanning seven decades, encompassing groundbreaking discoveries and studies of both so-called conventional and…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-11-12 J. E. Hirsch

I argue that the conventional BCS-London theory of superconductivity does not explain the most fundamental property of superconductors, the Meissner effect: how is the Meissner current generated, and how is it able to defy Faraday's law?…

Superconductivity · Physics 2010-01-13 J. E. Hirsch

By drilling periodic thru-holes in a suspended film, the phonon system can be modified. Being motivated by the BCS theory, the technique, so-called phonon engineering, was applied to a niobium sheet. The newly emergent high-$T_{c}$…

General Physics · Physics 2022-09-12 N. Zen

The underlying mechanism of unconventional high-temperature superconductivity is a great challenge to condensed matter physics. However, zero dissipation of electric current is the commonness of superconductors whether they are conventional…

Classical Physics · Physics 2025-04-30 Weilong She

In the usual description of electrons in metals and superconductors, the single electron states are assumed to satisfy Bloch's theorem. This is because the electron-ion interaction is privileged over the electron-electron interaction.…

Superconductivity · Physics 2010-01-11 J. E. Hirsch

In a semiclassical view superconductivity is attributed exclusively to the advance of atoms' outer s electrons through the nuclei of neighbor atoms in a solid. The necessary progression of holes in the opposite direction has the electric…

General Physics · Physics 2013-03-12 Manfred Bucher

Superconductivity at temperatures up to 190 K at high pressures has recently been observed in $H_2S$ and interpreted as conventional BCS-electron-phonon-driven superconductivity.\cite{h2s} Instead we propose that it is another example of…

Superconductivity · Physics 2015-04-24 J. E. Hirsch , F. Marsiglio

It is argued that experiments on rotating superconductors provide evidence for the existence of macroscopic spin currents in superconductors in the absence of applied external fields. Furthermore it is shown that the model of hole…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-10 J. E. Hirsch

I discuss the process of magnetic field generation in rotating superconductors in simply connected and multiply connected geometries. In cooling a normal metal into the superconducting state while it is rotating, electrons slow down or…

Superconductivity · Physics 2019-10-23 J. E. Hirsch

The apparently unrelated experimental observations of optical sum rule violation[1] and of tunneling asymmetry in NIS tunneling[2] find a simple explanation within the theory of hole superconductivity. In fact, both phenomena were predicted…

Superconductivity · Physics 2013-06-10 J. E. Hirsch

In paper III of this series (arXiv:0901.3612) we proposed a scenario of superconductivity driven by hole "undressing" that involved a complete redistribution of the occupation of single particle energy levels: the holes near the top of the…

Superconductivity · Physics 2010-08-27 J. E. Hirsch

Since the discovery of superconductivity at 200 K in H3S [1] similar or higher transition temperatures, Tcs, have been reported for various hydrogen-rich compounds under ultra-high pressures [2]. Superconductivity was experimentally proved…

The Meissner effect, the expulsion of magnetic field from the interior of a metal entering the superconducting state, is arguably the most fundamental property of superconductors, discovered in 1933. The conventional theory of…

Superconductivity · Physics 2026-03-03 J. E. Hirsch

In recent work, we discussed the difference between electrons and holes in energy band in solids from a many-particle point of view, originating in the electron-electron interaction, and argued that it has fundamental consequences for…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-11 J. E. Hirsch

When a magnetic field is applied to a ferromagnetic body it starts to spin (Einstein-de Haas effect). This demonstrates the intimate connection between the electron's magnetic moment $\mu_B=e\hbar/2m_ec$, associated with its spin angular…

Superconductivity · Physics 2018-11-12 J. E. Hirsch

In semiconductor electronics, the field-effect refers to the control of electrical conductivity in nanoscale devices, which underpins the field-effect transistor, one of the cornerstones of present-day semiconductor technology. The effect…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2021-06-09 Ilia Golokolenov , Andrew Guthrie , Sergey Kafanov , Yuri Pashkin , Viktor Tsepelin

The theory of hole superconductivity explains high temperature superconductivity in cuprates as driven by pairing of hole carriers in oxygen $p\pi$ orbitals in the highly negatively charged $Cu-O$ planes. The pairing mechanism is hole…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-07 J. E. Hirsch