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If a graph is in bridge position in a 3-manifold so that the graph complement is irreducible and boundary irreducible, we generalize a result of Bachman and Schleimer to prove that the complexity of a surface properly embedded in the…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-07-25 Marion Campisi , Matt Rathbun

For any chord diagram on a circle there exists a complete graph on sufficiently many vertices such that any generic immersion of it to the plane contains a plane closed curve whose chord diagram contains the given chord diagram as a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2012-10-30 Marisa Sakamoto , Kouki Taniyama

The cycle space of a graph $G$, denoted $C(G)$, is a vector space over ${\mathbb F}_2$, spanned by all incidence vectors of edge-sets of cycles of $G$. If $G$ has $n$ vertices, then $C_n(G)$ denotes the subspace of $C(G)$, spanned by the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Dan Hefetz , Michael Krivelevich

The generalization of (super)integrable Euclidean classical Hamiltonian systems to the two-dimensional sphere and the hyperbolic space by preserving their (super)integrability properties is reviewed. The constant Gaussian curvature of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-07-16 Angel Ballesteros , Alfonso Blasco , Francisco J. Herranz

The hypercube Q_n is the graph whose vertex set is {0,1}^n and where two vertices are adjacent if they differ in exactly one coordinate. For any subgraph H of the cube, let ex(Q_n, H) be the maximum number of edges in a subgraph of Q_n…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-05-05 David Conlon

Faulty networks are useful because link or node faults can occur in a network. This paper examines the Hamiltonian properties of hypercubes under certain conditional faulty edges. Let consider the hypercube \( Q_n \), for \( n \geq 5 \) and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Abid Ali , Weihua Yang

In 1999, Katona and Kierstead conjectured that if a $k$-uniform hypergraph $\cal H$ on $n$ vertices has minimum co-degree $\lfloor \frac{n-k+3}{2}\rfloor$, i.e., each set of $k-1$ vertices is contained in at least $\lfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-14 Guanwu Liu , Xiaonan Liu

Let $\mathcal{G}(k)$ denote the set of connected $k$-regular graphs $G$, $k\geq2$, where the number of vertices at distance 2 from any vertex in $G$ does not exceed $k$. Asratian (2006) showed (using other terminology) that a graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Armen S. Asratian , Jonas B. Granholm

Learning faithful graph representations as sets of vertex embeddings has become a fundamental intermediary step in a wide range of machine learning applications. The quality of the embeddings is usually determined by how well the geometry…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-13 Federico López , Beatrice Pozzetti , Steve Trettel , Anna Wienhard

Investigating a problem of B. Mohar, we show that every one-ended Hamiltonian cubic graph with end degree 3 contains a second Hamilton cycle. We also construct two examples showing that this result does not extend to give a third Hamilton…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-22 Max Pitz

Graph embeddings, wherein the nodes of the graph are represented by points in a continuous space, are used in a broad range of Graph ML applications. The quality of such embeddings crucially depends on whether the geometry of the space…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-02-03 Francesco Di Giovanni , Giulia Luise , Michael Bronstein

We show that the threshold for the random graph $G_{n,p}$ to contain the square of a Hamilton cycle is $p=\frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}$. This improves the previous results of K\"uhn and Osthus and also Nenadov and \v{S}kori\'c. In addition we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-06 Patrick Bennett , Andrzej Dudek , Alan Frieze

The generalized Petersen graph $G(n, k)$ is a cubic graph with vertex set $V(G(n, k)) = \{v_i\}_{0 \leq i < n} \cup \{w_i\}_{0 \leq i < n}$ and edge set $E(G(n, k)) = \{v_i v_{i+1}\}_{0 \leq i < n} \cup \{w_i w_{i+k}\}_{0 \leq i < n} \cup…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-30 Jan Kristian Haugland

The hypercube \( Q_n \) contains a Hamiltonian path joining \( x \) and \( y \) (where $x$ and $y$ from the opposite partite set) containing \( P \) if and only if the induced subgraph of \( P \) is a linear forest, where none of these…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Abid Ali , Lina Ba , Weihua Yang

We propose the following conjecture extending Dirac's theorem: if $G$ is a graph with $n\ge 3$ vertices and minimum degree $\delta(G)\ge n/2$, then in every orientation of $G$ there is a Hamilton cycle with at least $\delta(G)$ edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Lior Gishboliner , Michael Krivelevich , Peleg Michaeli

Given a finite or infinite planar graph all of whose faces have degree 4, we study embeddings in the plane in which all edges have length 1, that is, in which every face is a rhombus. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Richard Kenyon , Jean-Marc Schlenker

The random graph is an infinite graph with the universal property that any embedding of $G-v$ extends to an embedding of $G$, for any finite graph. In this paper we show that this graph embeds in the curve graph of a surface $\Sigma$ if and…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2016-12-20 Edgar A. Bering , Jonah Gaster

A 2-cell embedding of a graph $G$ into a closed (orientable or nonorientable) surface is called regular if its automorphism group acts regularly on the flags - mutually incident vertex-edge-face triples. In this paper, we classify the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-19 Jin Ho Kwak , Young Soo Kwon

A (possibly denerate) drawing of a graph $G$ in the plane is approximable by an embedding if it can be turned into an embedding by an arbitrarily small perturbation. We show that testing, whether a straight-line drawing of a planar graph…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2017-05-09 Radoslav Fulek

In this paper we give a proof of Enomoto's conjecture for graphs of sufficiently large order. Enomoto's conjecture states that, if $G$ is a graph of order $n$ with minimum degree $\delta(G)\geq \frac{n}{2}+1$, then for any pair of vertices…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-14 Weihua He , Hao Li , Qiang Sun