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Graph transformation formalisms have proven to be suitable tools for the modelling of chemical reactions. They are well established in theoretical studies and increasingly also in practical applications in chemistry. The latter is made…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Jakob L. Andersen , Rolf Fagerberg , Juri Kolčák , Christophe V. F. P. Laurent , Daniel Merkle , Nikolai Nøjgaard

Accurate prediction of molecular properties is essential in drug discovery and related fields. However, existing graph neural networks (GNNs) often struggle to simultaneously capture both local and global molecular structures. In this work,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 XiaYu Liu , Chao Fan , Yang Liu , Hou-biao Li

Computational discovery of ideal lead compounds is a critical process for modern drug discovery. It comprises multiple stages: hit screening, molecular property prediction, and molecule optimization. Current efforts are disparate, involving…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-01-24 Yueming Yin , Haifeng Hu , Zhen Yang , Jitao Yang , Chun Ye , Jiansheng Wu , Wilson Wen Bin Goh

Recently, deep generative models have revealed itself as a promising way of performing de novo molecule design. However, previous research has focused mainly on generating SMILES strings instead of molecular graphs. Although current graph…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-04-24 Yibo Li , Liangren Zhang , Zhenming Liu

Generative Flow Networks (GFlowNets) have recently emerged as a suitable framework for generating diverse and high-quality molecular structures by learning from rewards treated as unnormalized distributions. Previous works in this framework…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Mohit Pandey , Gopeshh Subbaraj , Artem Cherkasov , Martin Ester , Emmanuel Bengio

Deep generative models have been praised for their ability to learn smooth latent representation of images, text, and audio, which can then be used to generate new, plausible data. However, current generative models are unable to work with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Bidisha Samanta , Abir De , Gourhari Jana , Pratim Kumar Chattaraj , Niloy Ganguly , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez

Estimating three-dimensional conformations of a molecular graph allows insight into the molecule's biological and chemical functions. Fast generation of valid conformations is thus central to molecular modeling. Recent advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Sohil Atul Shah , Vladlen Koltun

Deep graph generative modeling has proven capable of learning the distribution of complex, multi-scale structures characterizing real-world graphs. However, one of the main limitations of existing methods is their large output space, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-01 Nathaniel Diamant , Alex M. Tseng , Kangway V. Chuang , Tommaso Biancalani , Gabriele Scalia

Deep generative modeling to stochastically design small molecules is an emerging technology for accelerating drug discovery and development. However, one major issue in molecular generative models is their lower frequency of drug-like…

Searching for novel molecules with desired chemical properties is crucial in drug discovery. Existing work focuses on developing neural models to generate either molecular sequences or chemical graphs. However, it remains a big challenge to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-22 Yutong Xie , Chence Shi , Hao Zhou , Yuwei Yang , Weinan Zhang , Yong Yu , Lei Li

Molecular generation with diffusion models has emerged as a promising direction for AI-driven drug discovery and materials science. While graph diffusion models have been widely adopted due to the discrete nature of 2D molecular graphs,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Hojung Jung , Rodrigo Hormazabal , Jaehyeong Jo , Youngrok Park , Kyunggeun Roh , Se-Young Yun , Sehui Han , Dae-Woong Jeong

Flow-based generative models are a family of exact log-likelihood models with tractable sampling and latent-variable inference, hence conceptually attractive for modeling complex distributions. However, flow-based models are limited by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-09 Huadong Liao , Jiawei He , Kunxian Shu

Graph generation generally aims to create new graphs that closely align with a specific graph distribution. Existing works often implicitly capture this distribution through the optimization of generators, potentially overlooking the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Song Wang , Zhen Tan , Xinyu Zhao , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu , Jundong Li

The task of deducing three-dimensional molecular configurations from their two-dimensional graph representations holds paramount importance in the fields of computational chemistry and pharmaceutical development. The rapid advancement of…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-09 Bobin Yang , Jie Deng , Zhenghan Chen , Ruoxue Wu

Molecular generation plays an important role in drug discovery and materials science, especially in data-scarce scenarios where traditional generative models often struggle to achieve satisfactory conditional generalization. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zimo Yan , Jie Zhang , Zheng Xie , Chang Liu , Yizhen Liu , Yiping Song

Molecular machine learning has gained popularity with the advancements of geometric deep learning. In parallel, retrieval-augmented generation has become a principled approach commonly used with language models. However, the optimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Runzhong Wang , Rui-Xi Wang , Mrunali Manjrekar , Connor W. Coley

An increasing number of machine learning tasks require dealing with large graph datasets, which capture rich and complex relationship among potentially billions of elements. Graph Neural Network (GNN) becomes an effective way to address the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-02-26 Rong Zhu , Kun Zhao , Hongxia Yang , Wei Lin , Chang Zhou , Baole Ai , Yong Li , Jingren Zhou

Molecular property calculations are the bedrock of chemical physics. High-fidelity \textit{ab initio} modeling techniques for computing the molecular properties can be prohibitively expensive, and motivate the development of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-28 Hatem Helal , Jesun Firoz , Jenna Bilbrey , Mario Michael Krell , Tom Murray , Ang Li , Sotiris Xantheas , Sutanay Choudhury

We introduce SeaDAG, a semi-autoregressive diffusion model for conditional generation of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs). Considering their inherent layer-wise structure, we simulate layer-wise autoregressive generation by designing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Xinyi Zhou , Xing Li , Yingzhao Lian , Yiwen Wang , Lei Chen , Mingxuan Yuan , Jianye Hao , Guangyong Chen , Pheng Ann Heng

Graph data structures are fundamental for studying connected entities. With an increase in the number of applications where data is represented as graphs, the problem of graph generation has recently become a hot topic. However, despite its…