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Solving long-horizon, temporally-extended tasks using Reinforcement Learning (RL) is challenging, compounded by the common practice of learning without prior knowledge (or tabula rasa learning). Humans can generate and execute plans with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Bharat Prakash , Tim Oates , Tinoosh Mohsenin

Visual search of relevant targets in the environment is a crucial robot skill. We propose a preliminary framework for the execution monitor of a robot task, taking care of the robot attitude to visually searching the environment for targets…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Lorenzo Mauro , Francesco Puja , Simone Grazioso , Valsamis Ntouskos , Marta Sanzari , Edoardo Alati , Fiora Pirri

Embodied visual tracking is to follow a target object in dynamic 3D environments using an agent's egocentric vision. This is a vital and challenging skill for embodied agents. However, existing methods suffer from inefficient training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Fangwei Zhong , Kui Wu , Hai Ci , Churan Wang , Hao Chen

Many imitation learning (IL) algorithms use inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) to infer a reward function that aligns with the demonstration. However, the inferred reward functions often fail to capture the underlying task objectives. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Weichao Zhou , Wenchao Li

Open-ended learning benefits immensely from the use of symbolic methods for goal representation as they offer ways to structure knowledge for efficient and transferable learning. However, the existing Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Mehdi Zadem , Sergio Mover , Sao Mai Nguyen

This paper investigates robot manipulation based on human instruction with ambiguous requests. The intent is to compensate for imperfect natural language via visual observations. Early symbolic methods, based on manually defined symbols,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Ruinian Xu , Hongyi Chen , Yunzhi Lin , Patricio A. Vela

Existing Reinforcement Learning (RL) systems encounter significant challenges when applied to real-world scenarios, primarily due to poor generalization across environments that differ from their training conditions. This thesis explores…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Mingde "Harry" Zhao

In this paper we tackle the problem of deformable object manipulation through model-free visual reinforcement learning (RL). In order to circumvent the sample inefficiency of RL, we propose two key ideas that accelerate learning. First, we…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-03-04 Yilin Wu , Wilson Yan , Thanard Kurutach , Lerrel Pinto , Pieter Abbeel

Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms typically require millions of environment interactions to learn successful policies in sparse reward settings. Hindsight Experience Replay (HER) was introduced as a technique to increase sample…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Himanshu Sahni , Toby Buckley , Pieter Abbeel , Ilya Kuzovkin

We transform reinforcement learning (RL) into a form of supervised learning (SL) by turning traditional RL on its head, calling this Upside Down RL (UDRL). Standard RL predicts rewards, while UDRL instead uses rewards as task-defining…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-06-24 Juergen Schmidhuber

The reward hypothesis states that all goals and purposes can be understood as the maximization of a received scalar reward signal. However, in practice, defining such a reward signal is notoriously difficult, as humans are often unable to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Harshit Sikchi , Siddhant Agarwal , Pranaya Jajoo , Samyak Parajuli , Caleb Chuck , Max Rudolph , Peter Stone , Amy Zhang , Scott Niekum

Autonomous manipulation of granular media, such as sand, is crucial for applications in construction, excavation, and additive manufacturing. However, shaping granular materials presents unique challenges due to their high-dimensional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Benedikt Kreis , Malte Mosbach , Anny Ripke , Muhammad Ehsan Ullah , Sven Behnke , Maren Bennewitz

As the demand for mobile robots continues to increase, social navigation has emerged as a critical task, driving active research into deep reinforcement learning (RL) approaches. However, because pedestrian dynamics and social conventions…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Haruto Nagahisa , Kohei Matsumoto , Yuki Tomita , Yuki Hyodo , Ryo Kurazume

Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach for eliciting reasoning chains before generating final answers. However, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) generate reasoning that lacks integration of visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Omar Sharif , Eftekhar Hossain , Patrick Ng

Operating directly from raw high dimensional sensory inputs like images is still a challenge for robotic control. Recently, Reinforcement Learning methods have been proposed to solve specific tasks end-to-end, from pixels to torques.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Carlos Florensa , Jonas Degrave , Nicolas Heess , Jost Tobias Springenberg , Martin Riedmiller

In many reinforcement learning (RL) applications, the observation space is specified by human developers and restricted by physical realizations, and may thus be subject to dramatic changes over time (e.g. increased number of observable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Yanchao Sun , Ruijie Zheng , Xiyao Wang , Andrew Cohen , Furong Huang

Advances in the field of inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) have led to sophisticated inference frameworks that relax the original modeling assumption of observing an agent behavior that reflects only a single intention. Instead of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-03 Adrian Šošić , Elmar Rueckert , Jan Peters , Abdelhak M. Zoubir , Heinz Koeppl

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a promising approach for solving various control, optimization, and sequential decision making tasks. However, designing reward functions for complex tasks (e.g., with multiple objectives and safety…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-23 Xuan Zhao , Marcos Campos

The combination of deep neural network models and reinforcement learning algorithms can make it possible to learn policies for robotic behaviors that directly read in raw sensory inputs, such as camera images, effectively subsuming both…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Avi Singh , Larry Yang , Kristian Hartikainen , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

In this work we address the problem of training a Reinforcement Learning agent to follow multiple temporally-extended instructions expressed in Linear Temporal Logic in sub-symbolic environments. Previous multi-task work has mostly relied…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Matteo Pannacci , Andrea Fanti , Elena Umili , Roberto Capobianco