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Recently, metrics that describe regular black holes, extreme black holes, or traversable wormholes have been widely discussed. These spacetimes, appearing in scenarios such as the brane world, are contingent on the values of the parameters,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-05 S. V. Bolokhov , R. A. Konoplya

Black holes with sufficiently large initial charge and mass will Hawking-evaporate towards the extremal limit. The emission slows as the temperature approaches zero, but still reaches the point where a single Hawking quantum would make the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-22 Samuel E. Gralla

Quantum tunneling of a black hole into a white hole provides a model for the full life cycle of a black hole. The white hole acts as a long-lived remnant, solving the black-hole information paradox. The remnant solution of the paradox has…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-14 Eugenio Bianchi , Marios Christodoulou , Fabio D'Ambrosio , Hal M. Haggard , Carlo Rovelli

The evaporation of black holes into apparently thermal radiation poses a serious conundrum for theoretical physics: at face value, it appears that in the presence of a black hole quantum evolution is non-unitary and destroys information.…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-07-11 Vijay Balasubramanian , Bartlomiej Czech

Quantum mechanics for matter fields moving in an evaporating black hole spacetime is formulated in fully four-dimensional form according to the principles of generalized quantum theory. The resulting quantum theory cannot be expressed in a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-02-03 James B. Hartle

We consider the space-time associated with the evaporation of a black hole by quantum mechanical tunnelling events. It is shown that the surface through which tunnelling occurs is distinct from the global event horizon, and that this has…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Timothy Clifton

We extend a four-qubit quantum circuit model of black hole evaporation that enforces semi-causality, a condition that allows information to enter a black hole but strictly forbids any information from escaping from the interior to outside…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-19 Sourav Ballav , Chi-Hsien Tai , Wen-Yu Wen

Verlinde recently suggested that gravity, inertia, and even spacetime may be emergent properties of an underlying thermodynamic theory. This vision was motivated in part by Jacobson's 1995 surprise result that the Einstein equations of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-22 Samuel L. Braunstein , Manas K. Patra

The puzzles of black hole evaporation can be studied in the simplified context of 1+1 dimensional gravity. The semi-classical equations of Callan, Giddings, Harvey and Strominger provide a consistent description of the evaporation process…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 L. Susskind , L. Thorlacius

This is a review of the results on black hole physics in the framework of loop quantum gravity. The key feature underlying the results is the discreteness of geometric quantities at the Planck scale predicted by this approach to quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-22 Alejandro Perez

Black holes in equilibrium and the counting of their entropy within Loop Quantum Gravity are reviewed. In particular, we focus on the conceptual setting of the formalism, briefly summarizing the main results of the classical formalism and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-01-12 Alejandro Corichi

The existence of a minimal length, predicted by different theories of quantum gravity, can be phenomenologically described in terms of a generalized uncertainty principle. We consider the impact of this quantum gravity motivated effect onto…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-11-07 Ana Alonso-Serrano , Mariusz P. Dabrowski , Hussain Gohar

We derive an explicit expression for the transition amplitude from black to white hole horizon at the end of Hawking evaporation using covariant loop quantum gravity.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-22 Farshid Soltani , Carlo Rovelli , Pierre Martin-Dussaud

We argue that a unitary description of the formation and evaporation of a black hole implies that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is the "entropy of a vacuum": the logarithm of the number of possible independent ways in which quantum field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-11 Yasunori Nomura , Sean J. Weinberg

The evaporation of four-dimensional spherically symmetric black holes is presented in the framework of quantum field theory in curved spacetimes and semiclassical gravity. It is discussed how the evaporation process can be sourced by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-30 Paolo Meda

It has been shown that the quantum state of the graviton field outside a black hole horizon carries information about the internal state of the hole. We explain how this allows unitary evaporation: the final radiation state is a complex…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2022-03-18 Xavier Calmet , Stephen D. H. Hsu

We present a general class of non-singular black holes in semi-classical, two-dimensional dilaton gravity, with a focus on a Bardeen-like model. The equations of motion for an evaporating black hole including backreaction are solved…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-06 Jonathan Barenboim , Andrei V. Frolov , Gabor Kunstatter

We present two alternative perspectives for the resolution of Hawking's information puzzle in black hole evaporation. The two views are deeply contrasting, yet they share several common aspects. One of them is the central role played by the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-19 Alejandro Perez , Daniel Sudarsky

We portray the structure of quantum gravity emerging from recent progress in understanding the quantum mechanics of an evaporating black hole. Quantum gravity admits two different descriptions, based on Euclidean gravitational path integral…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2021-03-31 Yasunori Nomura

Various contenders for a complete theory of quantum gravity are at odds with each other. This is in particular seen in the ways they relate to information and black holes, and how to effectively treat quantization of the background…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-08 Gerard 't Hooft , Steven B. Giddings , Carlo Rovelli , Piero Nicolini , Jonas Mureika , Matthias Kaminski , Marcus Bleicher