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Current autonomous driving systems are composed of a perception system and a decision system. Both of them are divided into multiple subsystems built up with lots of human heuristics. An end-to-end approach might clean up the system and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Jianyu Chen , Zhuo Xu , Masayoshi Tomizuka

End-to-end approaches to autonomous driving commonly rely on expert demonstrations. Although humans are good drivers, they are not good coaches for end-to-end algorithms that demand dense on-policy supervision. On the contrary, automated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-06 Zhejun Zhang , Alexander Liniger , Dengxin Dai , Fisher Yu , Luc Van Gool

In recent years, considerable progress has been made towards a vehicle's ability to operate autonomously. An end-to-end approach attempts to achieve autonomous driving using a single, comprehensive software component. Recent breakthroughs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-05-17 Hege Haavaldsen , Max Aasboe , Frank Lindseth

End-to-end autonomous driving offers a streamlined alternative to the traditional modular pipeline, integrating perception, prediction, and planning within a single framework. While Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has recently gained…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Siyi Lu , Lei He , Shengbo Eben Li , Yugong Luo , Jianqiang Wang , Keqiang Li

Tactical decision making and strategic motion planning for autonomous highway driving are challenging due to the complication of predicting other road users' behaviors, diversity of environments, and complexity of the traffic interactions.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-30 Majid Moghadam , Ali Alizadeh , Engin Tekin , Gabriel Hugh Elkaim

Reinforcement learning is considered to be a strong AI paradigm which can be used to teach machines through interaction with the environment and learning from their mistakes, but it has not yet been successfully used for automotive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-12-14 Ahmad El Sallab , Mohammed Abdou , Etienne Perot , Senthil Yogamani

As autonomous driving technology matures, end-to-end methodologies have emerged as a leading strategy, promising seamless integration from perception to control via deep learning. However, existing systems grapple with challenges such as…

End-to-end autonomous driving provides a feasible way to automatically maximize overall driving system performance by directly mapping the raw pixels from a front-facing camera to control signals. Recent advanced methods construct a latent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Zeyu Gao , Yao Mu , Chen Chen , Jingliang Duan , Shengbo Eben Li , Ping Luo , Yanfeng Lu

End-to-end autonomous driving is a fully differentiable machine learning system that takes raw sensor input data and other metadata as prior information and directly outputs the ego vehicle's control signals or planned trajectories. This…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Apoorv Singh

Traditional autonomous vehicle pipelines that follow a modular approach have been very successful in the past both in academia and industry, which has led to autonomy deployed on road. Though this approach provides ease of interpretation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-18 Tanmay Agarwal , Hitesh Arora , Jeff Schneider

Urban autonomous driving decision making is challenging due to complex road geometry and multi-agent interactions. Current decision making methods are mostly manually designing the driving policy, which might result in sub-optimal solutions…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Jianyu Chen , Bodi Yuan , Masayoshi Tomizuka

Current deep learning based autonomous driving approaches yield impressive results also leading to in-production deployment in certain controlled scenarios. One of the most popular and fascinating approaches relies on learning vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Luca Cultrera , Lorenzo Seidenari , Federico Becattini , Pietro Pala , Alberto Del Bimbo

Deep networks trained on demonstrations of human driving have learned to follow roads and avoid obstacles. However, driving policies trained via imitation learning cannot be controlled at test time. A vehicle trained end-to-end to imitate…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-03-05 Felipe Codevilla , Matthias Müller , Antonio López , Vladlen Koltun , Alexey Dosovitskiy

We present research using the latest reinforcement learning algorithm for end-to-end driving without any mediated perception (object recognition, scene understanding). The newly proposed reward and learning strategies lead together to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-09-03 Maximilian Jaritz , Raoul de Charette , Marin Toromanoff , Etienne Perot , Fawzi Nashashibi

Trustworthy AI is mandatory for the broad deployment of autonomous vehicles. Although end-to-end approaches derive control commands directly from raw data, interpreting these decisions remains challenging, especially in complex urban…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Mona Mirzaie , Bodo Rosenhahn

Heated debates continue over the best autonomous driving framework. The classic modular pipeline is widely adopted in the industry owing to its great interpretability and stability, whereas the fully end-to-end paradigm has demonstrated…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Guan Wang , Haoyi Niu , Desheng Zhu , Jianming Hu , Xianyuan Zhan , Guyue Zhou

Autonomous driving presents a complex challenge, which is usually addressed with artificial intelligence models that are end-to-end or modular in nature. Within the landscape of modular approaches, a bio-inspired neural circuit policy model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Anass Bairouk , Mirjana Maras , Simon Herlin , Alexander Amini , Marc Blanchon , Ramin Hasani , Patrick Chareyre , Daniela Rus

We present an integrated approach for perception and control for an autonomous vehicle and demonstrate this approach in a high-fidelity urban driving simulator. Our approach first builds a model for the environment, then trains a policy…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-19 Ali Baheri , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard , H. Eric Tseng , Dimitar Filev

Imitation learning is a promising approach to end-to-end training of autonomous vehicle controllers. Typically the driving process with such approaches is entirely automatic and black-box, although in practice it is desirable to control the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Renhao Wang , Adam Scibior , Frank Wood

End-to-End driving is a promising paradigm as it circumvents the drawbacks associated with modular systems, such as their overwhelming complexity and propensity for error propagation. Autonomous driving transcends conventional traffic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Pranav Singh Chib , Pravendra Singh
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