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Due to advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI), a new role is emerging for machines as intelligent assistants to radiologists in their clinical workflows. But what systematic clinical thought processes are these…
Although digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) improves diagnostic performance over full-field digital mammography (FFDM), false-positive recalls remain a concern in breast cancer screening. We developed a multi-modal artificial intelligence…
Comparative diagnostic in brain tumor evaluation makes possible to use the available information of a medical center to compare similar cases when a new patient is evaluated. By leveraging Artificial Intelligence models, the proposed system…
Detecting and classifying diseases using X-ray images is one of the more challenging core tasks in the medical and research world. Due to the recent high interest in radiological images and AI, early detection of diseases in X-ray images…
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia, increasing the risk of stroke, heart failure, and other cardiovascular complications. While AF detection algorithms perform well in identifying persistent AF, early-stage progression,…
PURPOSE: Surgical workflow and skill analysis are key technologies for the next generation of cognitive surgical assistance systems. These systems could increase the safety of the operation through context-sensitive warnings and…
Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly demonstrating the potential to reach human-level performance in generating clinical summaries from patient-clinician conversations. However, these summaries often focus on patients' biology…
A leading proposal for aligning artificial superintelligence (ASI) is to use AI agents to automate an increasing fraction of alignment research as capabilities improve. We argue that, even when research agents are not scheming to…
More attention is being paid for feature importance ranking (FIR), in particular when thousands of features can be extracted for intelligent diagnosis and personalized medicine. A large number of FIR approaches have been proposed, while few…
Radiologists highly desire fully automated AI for radiology report generation (R2G), yet existing approaches fall short in clinical utility. Reinforcement learning (RL) holds potential to address these shortcomings, but its adoption in this…
The early detection of glaucoma is essential in preventing visual impairment. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be used to analyze color fundus photographs (CFPs) in a cost-effective manner, making glaucoma screening more accessible. While…
The massive scale of modern AI accelerators presents critical challenges to traditional fault assessment methodologies, which face prohibitive computational costs and provide poor coverage of critical failure modes. This paper introduces…
Chest X-rays (CXR) are essential for diagnosing a variety of conditions, but when used on new populations, model generalizability issues limit their efficacy. Generative AI, particularly denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs),…
Chest radiography is an effective screening tool for diagnosing pulmonary diseases. In computer-aided diagnosis, extracting the relevant region of interest, i.e., isolating the lung region of each radiography image, can be an essential step…
This study evaluates two approaches applied to computed tomography (CT) images of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm: one deterministic, based on tools of Approximation Theory, and one based on Artificial Intelligence. Both aim to…
Human-AI collaboration to identify and correct perceptual errors in chest radiographs has not been previously explored. This study aimed to develop a collaborative AI system, CoRaX, which integrates eye gaze data and radiology reports to…
Non-invasive and cost effective in nature, the echocardiogram allows for a comprehensive assessment of the cardiac musculature and valves. Despite progressive improvements over the decades, the rich temporally resolved data in…
Systematic reviews, which summarize and synthesize all the current research in a specific topic, are a crucial component to academia. They are especially important in the biomedical and health sciences, where they synthesize the state of…
Chest X-ray (CXR) interpretation is a fundamental yet complex clinical task that increasingly relies on artificial intelligence for automation. However, traditional monolithic models often lack the nuanced reasoning required for trustworthy…
Large Language Models have revolutionized natural language processing, yet serving them efficiently in data centers remains challenging due to mixed workloads comprising latency-sensitive (LS) and best-effort (BE) jobs. Existing inference…