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We develop the theory of linear evolution equations associated with the adjacency matrix of a graph, focusing in particular on infinite graphs of two kinds: uniformly locally finite graphs as well as locally finite line graphs. We discuss…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-07-26 Delio Mugnolo

For a graph $G$, the vertices of the $k$-dominating graph, denoted $\mathcal{D}_k(G)$, correspond to the dominating sets of $G$ with cardinality at most $k$. Two vertices of $\mathcal{D}_k(G)$ are adjacent if and only if the corresponding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-15 M. E. Messinger , A. Porter

A graph is an instrument which is extensively utilized to model various problems in different fields. Up to date, many graphs have been developed to represent algebraic structures, particularly rings in order to study their properties. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Mohammad Hassan Mudaber , Nor Haniza Sarmin , Ibrahim Gambo

Monotone grid classes of permutations have proven very effective in helping to determine structural and enumerative properties of classical permutation pattern classes. Associated with grid class $\mathrm{Grid}(M)$ is a graph, $G(M)$, known…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-07 David Bevan

We give a necessary and sufficient graph-theoretic characterization of toric ideals of graphs that are unimodular. As a direct consequence, we provide the structure of unimodular graphs by proving that the incidence matrix of a graph $G$ is…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2025-10-15 Christos Tatakis

Let $F_G(P)$ be a functional defined on the set of all the probability distributions on the vertex set of a graph $G$. We say that $G$ is \emph{symmetric with respect to $F_G(P)$} if the uniform distribution on $V(G)$ maximizes $F_G(P)$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-07 Seyed Saeed Changiz Rezaei , Ehsan Chiniforooshan

Due to the fact much of today's data can be represented as graphs, there has been a demand for generalizing neural network models for graph data. One recent direction that has shown fruitful results, and therefore growing interest, is the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Tyler Derr , Yao Ma , Jiliang Tang

There have been tremendous efforts over the past decades dedicated to the generation of realistic graphs in a variety of domains, ranging from social networks to computer networks, from gene regulatory networks to online transaction…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Lecheng Zheng , Dawei Zhou , Hanghang Tong , Jiejun Xu , Yada Zhu , Jingrui He

The adjacency-diametrical matrix (AD matrix) of a connected graph $G$ with diameter $d$, denoted by $AD(G)$, is the matrix indexed by the vertices of $G$ in which the $(i,j)$-entry of $AD(G)$ is $1$ if $d_G(v_i,v_j)=1$, is $d$ if…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-06 S. P. Leka Amruthavarshini , R. Rajkumar

Graph aggregation is the process of computing a single output graph that constitutes a good compromise between several input graphs, each provided by a different source. One needs to perform graph aggregation in a wide variety of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Ulle Endriss , Umberto Grandi

Permutation equivariant neural networks are typically used to learn from data that lives on a graph. However, for any graph $G$ that has $n$ vertices, using the symmetric group $S_n$ as its group of symmetries does not take into account the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Edward Pearce-Crump , William J. Knottenbelt

Let $G$ be a graph of order $n$. A classical upper bound for the domination number of a graph $G$ having no isolated vertices is $\lfloor\frac{n}{2}\rfloor$. However, for several families of graphs, we have $\gamma(G) \le…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-09 Subramanian Arumugam , Suresh Manjanath Hegde , Shashanka Kulamarva

Let $G$ be a compact Lie group, $N\geq 1$ and $L>0$. The random geometric graph on $G$ is the random graph $\Gamma(N,L)$ whose vertices are $N$ random points $g_1,\ldots,g_N$ chosen under the Haar measure of $G$, and whose edges are the…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-06 Pierre-Loïc Méliot

A Cayley graph over a group $G$ is said to be central if its connection set is a normal subset of $G$. We prove that every central Cayley graph over a simple group $G$ has at most two pairwise nonequivalent Cayley representations over $G$…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-06-07 Jin Guo , Wenbin Guo , Grigory Ryabov , Andrey V. Vasil'ev

The vertices of a $k$-token graph of a graph $G$ correspond to $k$ indistinguishable tokens placed on $k$ different vertices of $G$. Changing some conditions on both the nature of the tokens and the number of tokens allowed in each vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Xiaodi Song , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Mercè Mora , Shenggui Zhang

In [Frobenius1896] it was shown that many important properties of a finite group could be examined using formulas involving the character ratios of group elements, i.e., the trace of the element acting in a given irreducible representation,…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2021-07-07 Shamgar Gurevich , Roger Howe

We continue to investigate branching systems of directed graphs and their connections with graph algebras. We give a sufficient condition under which the representation induced from a branching system of a directed graph is faithful and…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2019-08-15 Daniel Gonçalves , Hui Li , Danilo Royer

The $k$-token graph $F_k(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the graph whose vertices are the $k$-subsets of vertices from $G$, two of which being adjacent whenever their symmetric difference is a pair of adjacent vertices in $G$. It is a known result…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-14 Mónica. A. Reyes , Cristina Dalfó , Miquel Àngel Fiol , Arnau Messegué

Graph inference plays an essential role in machine learning, pattern recognition, and classification. Signal processing based approaches in literature generally assume some variational property of the observed data on the graph. We make a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-24 B. Subbareddy , Aditya Siripuram , Jingxin Zhang

Spectral characterization of graphs is an important topic in spectral graph theory, which has received a lot of attention from researchers in recent years. It is generally very hard to show a given graph to be determined by its spectrum.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Lihong Qiu , Wei Wang , Wei Wang , Hao Zhang