Related papers: Parton Distributions in Nucleons and Nuclei
In the framework of quantum chromodynamics (QCD), parton distribution functions (PDFs) quantify how the momentum and spin of a hadron are divided among its quark and gluon constituents. Two main approaches exist to determine PDFs. The first…
We review basic ideas and recent developments on the determination of the parton substructure of the nucleon, in view of applications to precision hadron collider physics. We review the way information on parton distributions (PDFs) is…
We review the current state of the art in the determination of the parton substructure of the nucleon, as expressed in terms of parton distribution functions (PDFs), and probed in high-energy lepton-hadron and hadron-hadron collisions, and…
We review the current status of spin-averaged and spin-dependent parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the nucleon. After presenting the formalism used to fit PDFs in modern global data analyses, we discuss constraints placed on the PDFs…
I explain the current status of parton-distribution-function (PDF) studies and future experimental prospects on their determinations. First, unpolarized PDFs of the nucleon are introduced as a field of precision QCD physics including…
Study of parton distribution functions (PDFs) has led to a finer cognisance of the structure of partons in hadrons and the proton structure functions in deep inelastic scattering (DIS). PDFs are instrumental in predicting results for most…
We review recent progress in the determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton, with emphasis on the applications for precision phenomenology at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First of all, we introduce the…
Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) ceases to be applicable at low interaction energies due to the rapid increase of the strong coupling. In that limit, the non-perturbative regime determines the properties of quarks and gluons…
The strong force which binds hadrons is described by the theory of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). Determining the character and manifestations of QCD is one of the most important and challenging outstanding issues necessary for a…
We present progress towards a unified framework enabling the simultaneous determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton, deuteron, and nuclei up to lead $(^{208}\rm{Pb})$. Our approach is based on the integration…
The parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the proton, a necessary input to almost all theory predictions for hadron colliders, are reviewed in this document. An introduction to the PDF determination by global analyses of the main PDF…
Accurate Standard Model predictions of proton-proton collisions are essential for interpreting the current and forthcoming experimental measurements from high-energy colliders. The quest for physics beyond the Standard Model is in fact…
We compute the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) of the unpolarised muon for the leptons, the photon, the light quarks, and the gluon. We discuss in detail the issues stemming from the necessity of evaluating the strong coupling constant…
We present the first unbiased determination of spin-dependent, or polarized, Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) of the proton. A statistically sound representation of the corresponding uncertainties is achieved by means of the NNPDF…
The determination of the parton distribution functions (PDFs) is crucial for a complete understanding of the protons and neutrons that make most of the visible matter in the universe. Years of dedicated studies have yielded a quite precise…
We present a next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) global QCD analysis of the proton's helicity parton distribution functions (PDFs), the first of its kind. To obtain the distributions, we use data for longitudinal spin asymmetries in…
The detailed comprehension of momentum fraction and energy dependence of proton structure functions is among the major difficulties in high-energy physics. Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) plays as an extensive foundation for…
Global perturbative QCD analyses, based on large data sets from electron-proton and hadron collider experiments, provide tight constraints on the parton distribution function (PDF) in the proton. The extension of these analyses to nuclear…
Focusing on hadron scattering at large partonic momentum fractions $x$, we compare nonperturbative QCD predictions for the asymptotic behavior of DIS structure functions and parton distribution functions (PDFs) to the $x$ and $Q$ dependence…
The unprecedented precision of experimental measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the increased statistics that will be reached in the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) are pushing the phenomenology community to a new…