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Structural failure time models are causal models for estimating the effect of time-varying treatments on a survival outcome. G-estimation and artificial censoring have been proposed to estimate the model parameters in the presence of…

Kaplan-Meier survival analysis represents the most objective measure of treatment efficacy in oncology, though subjected to potential bias, which is worrisome in an era of precision medicine. Independent of the bias inherent to the design…

The use of observational time series data to assess the impact of multi-time point interventions is becoming increasingly common as more health and activity data are collected and digitized via wearables, social media, and electronic health…

In this study, we develop consistent estimators for key parameters that govern the dynamics of tumor cell populations when subjected to pharmacological treatments. While these treatments often lead to an initial reduction in the abundance…

We consider the problem of sequentially testing for changes in the mean parameter of a time series, compared to a benchmark period. Most tests in the literature focus on the null hypothesis of a constant mean versus the alternative of a…

Disease progression models are widely used to inform the diagnosis and treatment of many progressive diseases. However, a significant limitation of existing models is that they do not account for health disparities that can bias the…

The analysis of screening experiments is often done in two stages, starting with factor selection via an analysis under a main effects model. The success of this first stage is influenced by three components: (1) main effect estimators'…

Simulations of pulverised coal combustion rely on various models, required in order to correctly approximate the flow, chemical reactions, and behavior of solid particles. These models, in turn, rely on multiple model parameters, which are…

Epidemiologic studies often evaluate the association between an exposure and an event risk. When time-varying, exposure updates usually occur at discrete visits although changes are in continuous time and survival models require values to…

The use of simulation-based sensitivity analyses is fundamental to evaluate and compare candidate designs for future clinical trials. In this context, sensitivity analyses are especially useful to assess the dependence of important design…

We investigate parameter estimation in subcritical continuous-time birth-and-death processes with multiple births. We show that the classical maximum likelihood estimators for the model parameters, based on the continuous observation of a…

Consider sensitivity analysis to assess the worst-case possible values of counterfactual outcome means and average treatment effects under sequential unmeasured confounding in a longitudinal study with time-varying treatments and…

A sensitivity analysis in an observational study assesses the robustness of significant findings to unmeasured confounding. While sensitivity analyses in matched observational studies have been well addressed when there is a single outcome…

Breast cancer remains a significant global health challenge, with prognosis and treatment decisions largely dependent on clinical characteristics. Accurate prediction of patient outcomes is crucial for personalized treatment strategies.…

The choice of the most effective treatment may eventually be influenced by breast cancer survival prediction. To predict the chances of a patient surviving, a variety of techniques were employed, such as statistical, machine learning, and…

Surrogate endpoint (SE) for overall survival in cancer patients is essential to improving the efficiency of oncology drug development. In practice, we may discover a new patient level association with survival, based on one or more clinical…

Sensitivity analysis is widely used to assess the robustness of causal conclusions in observational studies, yet its interaction with the structure of measured covariates is often overlooked. When latent confounders cannot be directly…

Cardiovascular diseases and heart failures in particular are the main cause of non-communicable disease mortality in the world. Constant patient monitoring enables better medical treatment as it allows practitioners to react on time and…

Compartmental models, especially the Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model, have long been used to understand the behaviour of various diseases. Allowing parameters, such as the transmission rate, to be time-dependent functions makes it…

The global sensitivity analysis of time-dependent processes requires history-aware approaches. We develop for that purpose a variance-based method that leverages the correlation structure of the problems under study and employs surrogate…