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Fault tolerance in quantum protocols requires contributions from error-correcting codes and their suitable decoders. Quantum Low-Density Parity Check (QLDPC) codes are one of the most explored quantum codes that have good coding rate and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Mainak Bhattacharyya , Ankur Raina

In this paper, we consider how to partition the parity-check matrices (PCMs) to reduce the hardware complexity and computation delay for the row layered decoding of quasi-cyclic low-density parity-check (QC-LDPC) codes. First, we formulate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Teng Lu , Xuan He , Peng Kang , Jiongyue Xing , Xiaohu Tang

The paper introduces new bounds on the asymptotic density of parity-check matrices and the achievable rates under ML decoding of binary linear block codes transmitted over memoryless binary-input output-symmetric channels. The lower bounds…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 Gil Wiechman , Igal Sason

In this work, we consider efficient maximum-likelihood decoding of linear block codes for small-to-moderate block lengths. The presented approach is a branch-and-bound algorithm using the cutting-plane approach of Zhang and Siegel (IEEE…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-04-29 Michael Helmling , Eirik Rosnes , Stefan Ruzika , Stefan Scholl

Since the classical work of Berlekamp, McEliece and van Tilborg, it is well known that the problem of exact maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of general linear codes is NP-hard. In this paper, we show that exact ML decoding of a classs of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Weiyu Xu , Babak Hassibi

Neural Normalized MinSum (N-NMS) decoding delivers better frame error rate (FER) performance on linear block codes than conventional normalized MinSum (NMS) by assigning dynamic multiplicative weights to each check-to-variable message in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Linfang Wang , Sean Chen , Jonathan Nguyen , Divsalar Dariush , Richard Wesel

Linear programming (LP) decoding approximates maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding of a linear block code by relaxing the equivalent ML integer programming (IP) problem into a more easily solved LP problem. The LP problem is defined by a set of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-01-01 Xiaojie Zhang , Paul H. Siegel

In this paper, we present an improved union bound on the Linear Programming (LP) decoding performance of the binary linear codes transmitted over an additive white Gaussian noise channels. The bounding technique is based on the second-order…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2012-03-09 Ohad Gidon , Yair Be'ery

Quantum error correction (QEC) is critical for scalable fault-tolerant quantum computing. Topological codes, such as the toric code, offer hardware-efficient architectures but their Tanner graphs contain many girth-4 cycles that degrade the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Luca Menti , Francisco Lázaro

In this paper, we present a sparse neural network decoder (SNND) of polar codes based on belief propagation (BP) and deep learning. At first, the conventional factor graph of polar BP decoding is converted to the bipartite Tanner graph…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-27 Weihong Xu , Xiaohu You , Chuan Zhang , Yair Be'ery

The advancement of deep learning has led to the development of neural decoders for low latency communications. However, neural decoders can be very complex which can lead to increased computation and latency. We consider iterative pruning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Vikrant Malik , Rohan Ghosh , Mehul Motani

In this paper, we propose a new decoder, called the Multiple-Bases Belief-Propagation List Decoder (MBBP-LD), for Quantum Low-Density Parity-Check (QLDPC) codes. It extends the Multiple-Bases Belief-Propagation (MBBP) framework, originally…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Sheida Rabeti , Hessam Mahdavifar

In this letter, we develop an efficient linear programming (LP) decoding algorithm for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. We first relax the maximum likelihood (ML) decoding problem to a LP problem by using check-node decomposition.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-01-24 Jing Bai , Yongchao Wang , Francis C. M. Lau

This paper introduces an enhanced normalized min-sum decoder designed to address the performance and complexity challenges associated with developing parallelizable decoders for short BCH codes in high-throughput applications. The decoder…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Guangwen Li , Xiao Yu

This paper proposes two approaches for reducing the impact of the error floor phenomenon when decoding quantum low-density parity-check codes with belief propagation based algorithms. First, a low-complexity syndrome-based linear…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Sana Javed , Francisco Garcia-Herrero , Bane Vasic , Mark F. Flanagan

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes together with belief propagation (BP) decoding yield exceptional error correction capabilities in the large block length regime. Yet, there remains a gap between BP decoding and maximum likelihood…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Jonathan Mandelbaum , Holger Jäkel , Laurent Schmalen

Reed-Muller (RM) codes are conjectured to achieve the capacity of any binary-input memoryless symmetric (BMS) channel, and are observed to have a comparable performance to that of random codes in terms of scaling laws. On the negative side,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-02-03 Mohammad Vahid Jamali , Xiyang Liu , Ashok Vardhan Makkuva , Hessam Mahdavifar , Sewoong Oh , Pramod Viswanath

A complexity-adaptive tree search algorithm is proposed for $\boldsymbol{G}_N$-coset codes that implements maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding by using a successive decoding schedule. The average complexity is close to that of the successive…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Peihong Yuan , Mustafa Cemil Coşkun

The non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes can offer promising performance advantages but suffer from high decoding complexity. To tackle this challenge, in this paper, we consider NB-LDPC codes over finite fields as codes over…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-30 V. B. Wijekoon , Emanuele Viterbo , Yi Hong

Maximum a posteriori decoding, a commonly used method for neural machine translation (NMT), aims to maximize the estimated posterior probability. However, high estimated probability does not always lead to high translation quality. Minimum…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Boxuan Lyu , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Kotaro Funakoshi , Manabu Okumura